Intro to the nervous system Flashcards
Crash course flash cards
The part of the nervous system that carries signals from your CNS to only your skeletal muscles.
Somatic or Voluntary Nervous system
In the nervous tissue, the type of cell that can transmit signals from one another?
Neuron
The part of the peripheral nervous system that carries signals from your central nervous system to your muscles and glands.
Motor or efferent division
What produces and insulating barrier called myelin sheath in the central nervous system?
Oligodendrocyte
What is the main source of immune defense against invading microorganisms?
microglial cells
What is it called when the central nervous system processes an input and decides what should be done with it?
Integration
In nervous tissue, the type of cell that can transmit signals from one cell to another.
Neuron
What is the signal the CNS sends out to activate certain parts of the body?
Motor output
The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
CNS
In the CNS, these transmit impulses between other neurons.
interneurons
A neuron with one axon and a single dendrite extending from its soma, found in limited places like the retina of the eye.
Bipolar neuron
Most abundant and versatile glial cells. They govern the exchange of materials between neurons and capillaries.
Astrocytes
All the nerves branch off from the brain and spine and allow your CNS to communicate with the rest of your body.
Peripheral Nervous System
Branch-like processes that pick up messages from other cells.
Dendrites
Surround and support neuron cell bodies.
Satellite cells
Create, secrete and circulate cerebrospinal fluid.
ependymal cells
Produce insulating barrier called myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system
Schwann cells
In the peripheral nervous system, these receive messages from the central nervous system and transmit impulses out to peripheral effector organs, like muscles and glands.
efferent neurons
In the peripheral nervous system, these pick up messages from sensory receptors and transmit impulses toward the CNS.
Afferent neurons
A neuron with a simple extension from the soma that leads to an axon with dendrites at one end and axon terminal sat the other; peripheral sensory neurons are this type.
unipolar neurons
The first function of the nervous system, describes the reception of stimuli by our senses and transmission of the signal to the central nervous system.
sensory input
Part of the nervous system that carries signals from your central nervous system to regulate things like your heart beating, lungs breathing, and stomach churning.
Autonomic nervous system
The part of the autonomic nervous system that encourages digestion, relaxes the body, and store excess energy
Parasympathetic division
In the peripheral nervous system, these receive messages from the central nervous system and transmit impulses out to peripheral effector organs, like muscles and glands,
efferent neurons
