INTRO TO THE AUTONOMIC SYSTEM Flashcards
TYPE OF ANS FIBERS
from visceral structures
1st link in reflex arcs of ANS (visceral pain or vessel stretch)
asstd with chronic pain management
afferent fibers
TYPE OF ANS FIBERS
accompanied by sensory fibers
efferent fibers
Autonomic N.S.
interruption of transmission –> __________
spontaneous activity
somatic n.s.
interruption of impulses —-> ___________
paralysis and atrophy
principal site of ANS organization
hypothalamus
Hypothalamus
function of:
Ant. Hypothalamus - ________
supraoptic hypothalamic nuclei - ___________
temperature regulation
water metabolism regulation
SNS has a _______ physiologic response (mass reflex)
diffuse
unpaired collateral ganglia
C
S
I
celiac ganglia
superior mesenteric ganglia
inferior mesenteric ganglia
sympathetic: adrenoreceptors
alpha
beta
parasympathetic: cholinoreceptors
muscarinic
nicotinic
CHOLINERGIC NERVE TERMINALS
SYNTHESIS AND STORAGE
the rate limiting step is probably the transport of choline into the nerve terminal.
this transport can be inhibited by the research drug ________
hemicholinium
CHOLINERGIC NERVE TERMINALS
SYNTHESIS AND STORAGE
ACTH is actively transported into its vesicles for storage by this vesicle associated transporter VAT
this process can be inhibited by another research drug, _________
Vesamicol
CHOLINERGIC NERVE TERMINALS
RELEASE OF ACTH
several types of _______ are able to enter cholinergic nerve terminals and enzymatically alter synaptobrevin or one of the other docking or fusion proteins to prevent the release process
botulinum toxin
ADRENERGIC TRANSMISSION
SYNTHESIS AND STORAGE:
tyrosine hydroxylase can be inhibited by _________
metyrosine
ADRENERGIC TRANSMISSION
SYNTHESIS AND STORAGE:
VMAT can be inhibited by _________ resulting in depletion of transmitter stores
reserpine
ADRENERGIC TRANSMISSION
SYNTHESIS AND STORAGE:
drugs that inhibit the distabilization of the wall of the vesicle
guanethidine
ADRENERGIC TRANSMISSION
SYNTHESIS AND STORAGE:
drugs that inhibit the norepinephrine transporter NET
cocaine
TCA
cell surface receptors that detect molecules outside the cell and activate cellular responses
heterotrimer: a, b, y subunits
classified based on distinctive alpha subunits
G PROTEINS
g proteins classified:
——— - stimulatory G protein of adenylase cyclase
___________ - inhibitory G proteins of adenylase cyclase
__________ - G proteins coupling alpha receptors to phospholipase C
- Gs
- Gi and Go
- Gq, and G11
____________ a subunit regulates activity of its effector (adenyl cyclase, cGMP, phosphodiesterase, phospholipase channels)
activated GTP
Alpha 1 Receptors decreases _______ and _______
IP3 and DAG
Alpha 2 receptors decreases
CAMP
B1, B2, B3 increases ___________
increases CAMP
D1 increases ________
CAMP
G protein
parasympathetic agonists
choline esters
A,M,C,B
ACTH
Metacholine
carbachol
betanechol
parasympathetic agonists
DIRECT ACTING choline esters
opthalmology: 1% drops of rapid meiosis
minimal dose: vasodilation, decrease BP , reflex increase in HR
ACTH
parasympathetic agonists
DIRECT ACTING choline esters
mainly muscarinic activity
selective for GIT and GUT
BETANECHOL
parasympathetic agonists
DIRECT ACTING choline esters
mainly muscarinic activity
slows the heart and dilates peripheral BV
terminate SV tachyarrhythmias
increases intestinal tone
metacholine
drugs for organophosphate poisoning includes
A
P
D
atropine
pralidoxime
diacetylmonoxime
parasympathetic antagonists
premedication: mild cns stimulation
high doses: restlessness. disorientation, hallucinations, and delirium
avoid in tachycardic states
atropine
specifically act on nicotinic receptors
no selectivity towards PNS or SNS
blocks entire ANS output
non depolarizing, competitive antagonists except nicotine
ganglionic blockers
