INTRO TO SOLIDS

Question 1

Most [] crystals have high melting points, an indication of the strong cohesive forces holding the ions together.

Answer 1

ionic

Question 2

In a [], the lattice points are occupied by molecules, and the attractive forces between them are van der Waals forces and/or hydrogen bonding.

Answer 2

molecular crystal

Question 3

They are composed of charged species and (2) anions and cations are generally quite different in size

Answer 3

ionic crystals

Question 4

[] commonly refers to an optically transparent fusion product of inorganic materials that has cooled to a rigid state without crystallizing

Answer 4

Glass

Question 5

Each sphere represents an atom, ion, or molecule and is called a []

Answer 5

lattice point

Question 6

Covalent bond

Answer 6

covalent

Question 7

Ar, CO2, I2, H2O, C12H22O11, (sucrose)

Answer 7

molecular

Question 8

the manner in which ions, atoms, or molecules are spatially arranged

Answer 8

crystal structure

Question 9

In a sense, the structure of [] is the simplest because every lattice point in a crystal is occupied by an atom of the same metal.

[] are generally body-centered cubic, face-centered cubic, or hexagonal close-packed. Consequently, [] elements are usually very dense.

Answer 9

metallic crystals
metallic

Question 10

[], such as glass, lack a regular three-dimensional arrangement of atoms.

Answer 10

Amorphous solids

Question 11

atoms are held together in an extensive three-dimensional network entirely by [] bonds.

Answer 11

Covalent Crystals

Question 12

In the [], there are spheres at the center of each of the six faces of the cube, in addition to the eight corner spheres.

Answer 12

face-centered cubic cell

Question 13

seven basic unit cell:

Answer 13

simple cubic
tetragonal
orthorhombhic
rhombohedral
monoclinic
triclinic
hexagonal

Question 14

A [] arrangement differs from a simple cube in that the second layer of spheres fits into the depressions of the first layer and the third layer into the depressions of the second layer. The coordination number of each sphere in this structure is 8 (each
sphere is in contact with four spheres in the layer above and four spheres in the
layer below).

Answer 14

body-centered cubic

Question 15

Ice is a [] solid, which possesses rigid and long-range order; its atoms, molecules, or ions occupy specific positions

Answer 15

crystalline

Question 16

crystal structure =

Answer 16

lattice + basis

Question 17

They can be [], with no regular pattern among the particles

Answer 17

amorphous

Question 18

have a definite shape and volume. .

Answer 18

Solids

Question 19

the most efficient arrangement
of spheres

Answer 19

Closest packing

Question 20

Soft, low melting point, poor conductor of heat and electricity

Answer 20

molecular

Question 21

the basic repeating structural unit of a crystalline solid.

Answer 21

unit cell

Question 22

Solids are most stable in crystalline form. However, if a solid is formed rapidly (for
example, when a liquid is cooled quickly), its atoms or molecules do not have time
to align themselves and may become locked in positions other than those of a regular crystal. The resulting solid is said to be []

Answer 22

amorphous

Question 23

C (diamond),†SiO2 (quartz)

Answer 23

covalent

Question 24

[] in which the particles repeat at regular intervals within a crystalline lattice

Answer 24

crystalline

Question 25

[] solids such as glass lack a well-defined arrangement and long-range molecular order.

Answer 25

Amorphous

Question 26

an atom or group of atoms attached to every lattice points

Answer 26

basis

Question 27

Hard, high melting point, poor conductor of heat and electricity

Answer 27

covalent

Question 28

Hard, brittle, high melting point, poor conductor of heat and electricity

Answer 28

ionic

Question 29

Soft to hard, low to high melting point,
good conductor of heat and electricity

Answer 29

metallic

Question 30

a 3d network of imaginary lines connecting in space

Answer 30

lattice

Question 31

All metallic elements; for example, Na, Mg, Fe, Cu

Answer 31

metallic

Question 32

NaCl, LiF, MgO, CaCO3

Answer 32

ionic

Question 33

Electrostatic attraction

Answer 33

ionic

Question 34

The basic, repeating unit in the array of spheres is called a []

Answer 34

simple cubic cell (scc)

Question 35

the number of atoms (or ions) surrounding an atom (or ion) in a crystal lattice.

Answer 35

coordination number

Question 36

Metallic bond

Answer 36

metallic

Question 37

dispersion, dipole-dipole, hbond

Answer 37

molecular