INTRO TO POLYMER CHEM Flashcards
those that have side-[] chains that are
connected to the main chains.
branched
the R group are situated randomly at the alternate sides of the chain
Atactic configuration
CLASSIFICATIONS OF POLYMERS ACCORDING TO THERMAL RESPONSE
Thermoplastics (thermoplastic polymers)
Thermosets (thermosetting polymers)
modified natural polymers
semisynthetic
commercially sold water bottles, soft drink bottles, sport drink bottles, and condiment bottles
PET - polyethylene terephthalate
occurs in nature
natural
any plastic item not made from other 6 - cd’s, baby bottles, headlight lens
O - bisphenol A and others
when all the repeating units along a chain are different
Copolymer
those in which the repeat units are joined
together end to end in single chain
linear
add monomers to the growing chain.
propagation
CLASSIFICATIONS OF POLYMERS ACCORDING TO MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
linear
branched
cross-linked
network
Addition or Chain Polymerization Mechanism
Initiation
Propagation
termination
can be flexible or rigid is used for plumbing pipes, clear food packaging,
PVC - polyvinyl chloride
become permanently hard during formation and do not soften upon heating
Thermosets
TYPES OF GEOMETRIC ISOMERS
Cis- structure
Trans- structure
An R group is positioned on opposite sides of the double bond
Trans- structure
are formed from simple addition of monomer molecules to each other in a quick succession by a chain mechanism without the liberation of small molecules.
addition polymer
milk and juice bottles, detergent, shampoo, grocery bags, cereal box liners
PE-HD - polyethylene high density
HDPE
yogurt containers, deli containers, furniture, luggage, winter clothing insulation
PP - polypropylene
dry cleaning bags, bread bags, newspaper bags, paper milk cartons, produce bags, hot/cold beverage cups
LDPE - polyethylene low density
the R group are situated at the alternate sides of the chain
Syndiotactic configuration
soften when heated and harden when cooled processes that are totally reversible and may be repeated
Thermoplastics
is a molecular compound distinguished by a high molar mass, ranging into thousands and millions of grams, and is constructed by the sequential stringing together of smaller molecules called monomers.
polymer
An R group is positioned on same side of the double bond
Cis- structure
produces free radicals by breaking down a molecule
initiation
when two radicals encounter one another and combine. it eliminates both radicals and stop the growth of polymer chain
termination
adjacent linear chains are joined one to another at various positions by covalent bonds
cross-linked
when all the repeating units along a chain are of the same type
Homopolymer
occur between monomers containing polar groups which form polymer along with the elimination of small molecules
CONDENSATION POLYMERS
the R group are situated at the same side of the chain
Isotactic configuration
styrofoam - cups, plates, take-out containers
PS - polystyrene
a three-dimensional [] polymer that is formed from three or more active covalent bonds of multifunctional monomers
network
synthesized in the lab
synthetic
CLASSIFICATIONS OF POLYMERS ACCORDING TO ORIGIN:
natural, semisynthetic, synthetic
CLASSIFICATIONS OF POLYMERS ACCORDING TO MODE OF FORMATION:
addition polymers
CONDENSATION POLYMERS
Homopolymer
Copolymer
CLASSIFICATIONS OF POLYMERS ACCORDING TO MOLECULAR CONFIGURATION:
TYPES OF POLYMERIC STEREOISOMERS
TYPES OF GEOMETRIC ISOMERS
TYPES OF POLYMERIC STEREOISOMERS
Isotactic configuration
Syndiotactic configuration
Atactic configuration
