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head and neck anatomy > Intro to Skull > Flashcards

Intro to Skull Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the 6 fontanelles

A
  1. Frontal (on top in coronal suture)
  2. Occipital (lambdoid suture)
  3. Paired Sphenoid fontanelle (below the anterior fontanel)
  4. Paired mastoid fontanels (posterolateral sides of the skull)
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2
Q

What are the two main parts that the skull can be divided into?

A

Cranium and mandible

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3
Q

How can the skull can be further subdivided into?

A

Skeloton of the face =viscerocranium

Bones surrounding the brain = neurocranium

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4
Q

What are the 8 paired bones of the skull

A
  1. Parietals
  2. Temporals
  3. Zygomatics
  4. Palatine
  5. Lacrimals
  6. Nasals
  7. Inferior Nasal conchae
  8. Maxillae
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5
Q

What are the 6 unpaired bones of the skull?

A
  1. Occipital
  2. Frontal
  3. Sphenoid
  4. Ethmoid
  5. Mandible
  6. Vomer
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6
Q

What bones make up the sphenoid

A
  1. Greater wing
  2. Lesser wing
  3. Superior orbital fissure
  4. Body
  5. Pterygoid canals
  6. pterygoid processes
  7. Medial pterygoid plate
  8. Lateral pterygoid plate
  9. sella turcica
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7
Q

What makes up the ethmoid

A
  1. Perpendicular plate
  2. Cribiform plate
  3. Crista galli
  4. Orbital plate
  5. Superior and middle nasal conchae
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8
Q

What makes up the mandible

A
  1. Coronoid process
  2. Condylar process
  3. Lingula
  4. Mandibular canal
  5. Ramus
  6. Angle
  7. Body
  8. Mental foramen
  9. Symphysis
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9
Q

What are the major openings and cavities

A
  1. External auditory meatus
  2. Orbit
  3. Piriform aperture (nose)
  4. Oral cavity
  5. Foramen magnum
  6. Opening of zygomatic arch
  7. Choanae (nostrils)
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10
Q

What are the fossas

A
  1. Temporal fossa: made by the superior and inferior temporal line
  2. Infratemporal fossa: Inferior to the zygomatic arch, deep to temporalis and ramus of mandible
  3. Pterygopalatine fossa: deep to the infratemporal fossa and superficial to the posterior part of the nasal cavities
  4. Pterygomaxillary fissure: Deep to the pterygopalatine fossa, between greater wings of sphenoid and posterior maxillary sinus walls.
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11
Q

What are the interior cranial fossas

A

Anterior cranial fossa: Bounded by frontal bone and lesser wings of sphenoid
Middle cranial fossa: Bounded by lesser wings of sphenoid and ridge of petrous portion of temporal bone
Posterior cranial fossa: Bounded by ridge of petrous portion of temporal bone to occipital bone

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12
Q

What is the coronal suture

A

Between the frontal and parietal bones going diagonally

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13
Q

What is the sagittal suture

A

Between the parietal bones going straight down vertically

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14
Q

What is the lambdoid suture

A

between the occipital and parietal bones going diagonally

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15
Q

What makes up the cruciate structure

A

Its the cross shaped suture on the hard palate that consists of: the intermaxillary suture, maxillary-palatine suture and the interpalatine suture

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16
Q

what is craniosynostosis

A

Premature cranial suture closure which impacts shape of the head, can impact dental crowding, brain development, and TMJ articulation

17
Q

What is the pterion

A

Where the temporal, sphenoid, parietal and frontal bones approximate each other. A blow here causes the middle meningeal artery to rupture –> epidural bleeding in brain

18
Q

What is the porion

A

Top middlemost point above the external auditory meatus

19
Q

What is the asterion

A

Where the mastoid portion of the temporal occipital, and parietal bones meet

20
Q

What is the lambda

A

Top of the triangle of the lambdoidal suture

21
Q

Where is the vertex

A

Topmost point of skull, wherever found along the sagittal suture

22
Q

WHere is the basion

A

Anterior-middlemost point of the foramen magnum

23
Q

Where is the inion

A

external occipital protuberance

24
Q

What is the glabella

A

(on forehead) forward most point above nasion wherever found mid sagitally

25
Q

What is the nasion

A

Intersection of frontonasal suture with internasal suture

26
Q

What is the bregma

A

Intersection of coronal and sagittal suture

27
Q

What soft tissue structure goes through the supra orbital notch/foramen

A

supra orbital n. and vessels

28
Q

what soft tissue structure goes through the optic canal

A

optic nerve and opthalmic artery

29
Q

What soft tissue structure goes through superior orbital fissure

A

Oculomotor n, trochlear n, abducent n, opthalmic n of V1, superior and inferior opthalmic veins

30
Q

What soft tissue structure goes through inferior orbital fissure

A

infra orbital n and vessels, zygomatic n, and inferior opthalmic vein

31
Q

What soft tissue structure goes through nasolacrimal canal

A

nasolacrimal duct

32
Q

what soft tissue structure goes through incisive foramina

A

nasopalatine n and sphenopalatine vessels

33
Q

What goes through foramen spinosum

A

middle meningeal artery and and meningeal branch of V3

34
Q

What soft tissue structure goes through carotid canal

A

internal carotid a and sympathetic plexus

35
Q

What soft tissue structure is associated with the jugular foramen

A

Internal jugular vein, inferior petrosal sinus, glossopharyngeal, vagus, and spinal accessory nerve

36
Q

What soft tissue structure goes through the mastoid foramen

A

emissary veins

head and neck anatomy (8 decks)

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