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V - KCU - REN (T1) - OMS1 > Intro To RBF/GFR DSA > Flashcards

Intro To RBF/GFR DSA Flashcards

1
Q

Name some waste products that can be excreted by the kidneys

A 
Urea
Creatinine
Acid
Bilirubin
Metabolites
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2
Q

How do kidneys respond to increase in water content

A

By increasing the output of water in the urine

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3
Q

What important blood pro-product do kidneys make

A

EPO

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4
Q

What is the stimulus for production of EPO

A

Decreased O2 in the Kidneys

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5
Q

The cortex of the kidney contains what

A

Corpuscles

Coiled blood vessels and coiled tubules

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6
Q

The medulla of the kidney contains what

A

Straight blood vessels and straight tubules

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7
Q

The kidneys receive aprox. How much CO

A

20%

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8
Q

The glomerular capillaries have what in terms of hydrostatic pressure

What about the peritubular capillaries

A

GC - high

PC - low

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9
Q

What is the purpose of the peritubular network

A

To reabsorb filtered fluid from the tubule lumen

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10
Q

What high hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries favors what

A

Filtration

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11
Q

Define vasa recta

A

Long medullary PTC

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12
Q

The rate and perfusion of renal blood flow in the kidney is highest and lowest where

A

Highest in the cortex

Lowest in the inner medulla

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13
Q

What do JG nephrons do

A

Secrete renin

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14
Q

What is the role of the PCT

A

Reabsorption of the largest fraction of glomerular filtrate

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15
Q

What is the role of the LoH

A

Urine concentration and secretion of Tamm-Horsfall Glycoprotein

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16
Q

What is the role of the DCT

A

Fine control of salt and water excretion

17
Q

The podocytes are part of what in the glomerulus

A

The visceral part

18
Q

What signals would cause vasoconstriction and lower GFR

A

NE
E
Endothelin

19
Q

What signals would cause vasodilation and cause an increase in GFR

A

NO
Prostaglandin
ANP
DA

20
Q

What does ANG II do to the GFR

A

Maintains it by selectively constricting efferent arterioles

21
Q

Do systemic activation of the SNS due to baroreceptor reflexes (low P/BP) have much of an effect on RBF or GFR

A

No

22
Q

ANG II effects which arteriole

A

Efferent

23
Q

general SNS via a1 effects which arteriole most

A

Afferent

24
Q

What produces the filtration slits

A

The podocytes

25
Q

What are the layers in order that the filtrate must pass through to begin filtration

A

Endothelium
basement membrane
Podocyte filtration slits

26
Q

What three things forms the glycocalyx

A

Proteins, hyaluronan, and heparan sulfate

27
Q

What is the role of nephrin

A

Binds podocytes together and stope the passage of large proteins

28
Q

What is the role of the Tamm-Horsfall Protein

A

Secreted by ThALoH

Inhibits Ca crystallization which stops kidney stones and UTI’s

29
Q

What is the role of the glycocalyx

A

Produces a (-) charge which repels (-) proteins (anions) such as albumin

30
Q

If there is a large amount of albumin in the blood, what can we surmise is wrong

A

An issue with the glycocalyx

31
Q

What would happen in there was a large net loss of albumin

A

A decrease (Pi)GC which would mean less absorption and more filtration which would lead to edema

32
Q

If excretion is greater than filtration, what has happened

A

Tubular secretion

33
Q

Define renal clearance

A

The rate at which substances are removed from the plasma

34
Q

Increased Cr means what in terms of GFR

A

Decreased GFR

35
Q

What receptors activate increased Na/K ATPase and subsequently increased Na reabsorption to increase BP

A

A1

36
Q

The a1 receptors act on which arteriole to cause vasoconstriction

A

Afferent

37
Q

What does an increased BUN/Cr mean

A

A pre-renal problem

BUN REBS is increased (>20) which means hypovolemia, dehydration, decreased renal perfusion, or a high protein diet

38
Q

What does a decreased BUN/Cr mean

A

An intrarenal problem

Ration <10 which means liver disease or a low protein diet

39
Q

Increased PAH mean what

A

Increased RBF

V - KCU - REN (T1) - OMS1 (8 decks)

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