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PSTM > iNTRO TO PSTM > Flashcards

iNTRO TO PSTM Flashcards

1
Q

beginning and end of all things

A

princeps (Latin)

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2
Q

Fundamental truth/ proposition that serves as a foundation for a system of belief, behavior, chain of reasoning

A

Principles

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3
Q

origin of things, fundamental laws, and put ultimate objective

A

Principles

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4
Q

Any gen truth or guiding norm by w/c a process is being carried on

A

Principles

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5
Q

Origins, foundations, fundamentals

A

Principles

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6
Q

Chief guides to make teaching and learning intelligent and productive

A

Principles in Relation to Education

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7
Q

Important in the operation of techniques in any field of education

A

Principles in Relation to Education

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8
Q

process of imparting knowledge and skills

A

Teaching

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9
Q

encompasses the activities of educating/ instructing

A

Teaching

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10
Q

act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character or physical ability of an individual.

A

Teaching

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11
Q

undertaking certain ethical tasks or activities the intention of which is to induce learning.

A

Teaching (B.O. Smith)

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12
Q

enables the understanding of the learners, application of knowledge, concepts, and processes thru series of instructions

A

Teaching

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

We can posses learning thru teaching process

A

TRUE

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14
Q

Instructions, direction, processes

A

Teaching

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15
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

not all learning is dependent on teaching…However, all teaching regardless of quality is predicated on learning

A

TRUE (Brown,1993)

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Teaching makes learning possible

A

TRUE (Ramsden,1992)

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17
Q

Sense of maturity and devotion
Selfless profession
Construct elements from basic to complex necessary for instructions

A

Teacher

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18
Q

Process of gaining knowledge or skill by studying, practicing, being taught, or experiencing something.

A

Learning (Merriam-Webster Dictionary)

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19
Q

A persisting change in human performance or performance potential

A

Learning (Driscoll, 1994)

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20
Q

The relatively permanent change in a person’s knowledge or behavior due to experience

A

Learning (Mayer, 1982)

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21
Q

An enduring change in behavior, or in the capacity to behave in a given fashion, which results from practice or other forms of experience

A

Learning (Shuell, 1986)

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22
Q

Process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behavior, skills, values, attitudes and preferences

A

Learning

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23
Q

Process that leads to change, to increase potentials of students, to diversity their real-life experiences

A

Learning

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24
Q

As we start w/ the origin of things thru principles

A

Learning

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25
Q

Breakthrough of potentials, discoveries, acquisition of skills, exploration of concepts and ideas

A

Learning

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26
Q

how students receive, process, retain knowledge during learning

A

Learning Theories

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27
Q

Is reflexive or automatic type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus

A

Classical Conditioning (Pavlovian conditioning or Respondent conditioning)

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28
Q

Proponent of Classical Conditioning (Pavlovian conditioning or Respondent conditioning)

A

Ivan Pavlov (Russian)

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29
Q

Behavior is learned through repetitive association between response and stimulus

A

Classical Conditioning (Pavlovian conditioning or Respondent conditioning)

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30
Q

Ex: Ringtone or chime of phone

A

Neutral stimulus

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31
Q

Ex: Positive feeling from hearing a familiar sound

A

Conditioned response

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32
Q

process that attempts to modify behavior thru the use of positive and negative reinforcement.

A

Operant Conditioning (Instrumental conditioning)

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33
Q

Theory that focuses on changes in indiv observable behavior

A

Operant Conditioning (Instrumental conditioning)

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34
Q

Proponent of Operant Conditioning (Instrumental conditioning)

A

B.F. Skinner (Burrhus Frederick Skinner)

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35
Q

Use of positive ____ and negative ____reinforcement

A

reward ; punishment

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36
Q

Ex: Baby smiled at dad

A

AR (Accidental Response)

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37
Q

Ex: Dad picked baby

A

R (Reinforcement)

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38
Q

Ex: Baby thought dad will carry him if he smiles

A

DR (Deliberate Response)

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39
Q

How individuals becomes conditioned to a manner (how to execute things) w/c society expects to be normal

A

Social Conditioning (Observational conditioning)

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40
Q

Conforming to norms created by society around us

A

Social Conditioning (Observational conditioning)

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41
Q

Very dangerous, form of irrational education

A

Social Conditioning (Observational conditioning)

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42
Q

Classical : ____ ; Operative : _____ ; Social : ____

A

Respondent, Instrumental, Observational

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43
Q

generalized plan for a lesson which includes structure, instructional objectives and an outline of planned tactics, necessary to implement the strategies

A

Teaching Strategy

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44
Q

Carefully made plan, in order to achieve a goal

A

Strategy

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45
Q

combination of instructional methods, learning activities and materials

A

Teaching Strategy

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46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

In strategy of teaching, “realization of objectives” is given more importance than presentation of lesson.

A

TRUE

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47
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

A strategy does NOT follow a single track all the time, but it changes according to the demands of the situations

A

TRUE

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48
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Strategy is more comprehensive than method

A

TRUE

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49
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Strategy is more close to science than arts

A

TRUE

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50
Q

Group problem solving technique ( encourages students to focus on a topic and contribute to the free flow of ideas.)

A

Brainstorming

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51
Q

Interactive teaching method (get students to practically apply their skills, and their understanding of learned facts, to a real-world situation.)

A

Case studies

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52
Q

consists of a structured contest of argumentation, in which two opposing individuals or teams defend and attack a given proposition

A

Debates

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53
Q

Frequently used teaching approach

A

Discussion

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54
Q

Constructive process involving listening, thinking, speaking ability of the student

A

Discussion

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55
Q

Dependent on technology (Students use class time to apply the theory and concepts discussed in the videos)

A

Flipped classroom or Inverted classroom

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56
Q

Cooperative learning (A method of instruction that gets students to work together in groups)

A

Groupwork

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57
Q

Asking questions in order to well-defined goals

A

Questioning

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58
Q

develop higher order thinking skills, give variety of acceptable/ debatable responses

A

Open questions

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59
Q

have 1 clear answer, check understanding during explanations and recap sessions

A

Closed questions

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60
Q

instructional scenarios where the learner is placed in a “world” defined by the teacher.

A

Simulations

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61
Q

AKA Role playing or rehearsal

A

Simulations

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62
Q

The broadest of the three, making technique the most specific, and the method found in between approach and technique.

A

Approach

63
Q

Ways in which you try to engage students w/ the subject matter

A

Approach

64
Q

encompasses planning and consideration on what kind of method to be used

A

Approach

65
Q

The mode or manner of teaching

A

Approach

66
Q

Lecture, tutorial, bedside teaching, laboratory work

A

Approach

67
Q

Types of Teaching Approach: According to the Role of the Teacher

A

Executive Approach
Facilitator Approach
Liberationist Approach

68
Q

teacher as manager/ leader of complex classroom processes/ teaching

A

Executive approach

69
Q

it places considerable emphasis on making use of students’ prior experience

A

Facilitator Approach

70
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Facilitator Approach is complex and tedious

A

TRUE

71
Q

goal is to free/ liberate the mind in order to understand and create a civilized life

A

Liberationist approach

72
Q

Types of Teaching Approach: According to Nature of Learning

A

Discovery Learning
Conceptual Learning
Process Writing
Unified Teaching

73
Q

various instructional design models that engages students in learning through discovery.

A

Discovery Learning

74
Q

Learning by discovery has threefold pedagogical aims:
Promote ___
Promote ___: develop problem-solving skills, creativity, identify own learning style, evaluating success of task, etc.
Promote____

A

deep learning
meta-cognitive skills
student engagement

75
Q

Latest educational approach

A

Conceptual Learning

76
Q

Involves the learning of specific concepts, the nature of concepts, and the development of logical reasoning & critical thinking.

A

Conceptual Learning

77
Q

Treats all writing as a creative act

A

Process Writing

78
Q

Breaking down passive writing into smaller components parts by completing each step sequentially

A

Process Writing

79
Q

2 Phases of Process Writing

A

Prewriting phase

Writing phase

80
Q

Organize, sequences, elaborate on ideas prior to writing

A

Prewriting phase

81
Q

Turns organization of ideas into a composition

A

Writing phase

82
Q

This approach lends itself smoothly to a unified teaching-learning concept of education.

A

Unified Teaching

83
Q

collaboration between teacher and students

A

Unified Teaching

84
Q

Types of Teaching Approach: According to Teacher-Learner Interaction

A

Teacher- Centered Approach

Student- Centered Approach

85
Q

primary role of teachers to pass knowledge and info onto their students.

A

Teacher- Centered Approach

86
Q

relies on explicit teaching through lectures and teacher-led demonstrations.

A

Direct Instruction

87
Q

Teachers are in a position of power and authority

A

Formal Authority

88
Q

Teachers are in possession of all knowledge and expertise

A

Expert

89
Q

Teachers lead by example

A

Personal Model

90
Q

Student learning is continuously measured during teacher instruction.

A

Student- Centered Approach

91
Q

focuses on student investigation and hands-on learning.

A

Inquiry-Based Learning

92
Q

Student learning loosely guided by the teacher

A

Facilitator

93
Q

Teacher as resource to students, answering their questions and reviewing their progress as needed

A

Delegator

94
Q

Emphasizes group work and a strong sense of community.

A

Cooperative Learning

95
Q

Think-Pair-Share

Groupwork

A

Cooperative Learning

96
Q

encompasses the personal style of the teacher in carrying out specific steps of the teaching process

A

Technique

97
Q

Basic ways on how to do something, the hacks on how to execute a task

A

Technique

98
Q

procedure by which new knowledge is fixed in the minds of students permanently.

A

Technique

99
Q

Is an organized, orderly, systematic, and well- planned procedure aimed at facilitating and enhancing students’ learning.

A

Method

100
Q

Definite pattern/ plan, standard

A

Method

101
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Method of teaching is DIRECTLY related to the presentation of the lesson.

A

TRUE

102
Q

4 Methods of Presenting the Subject Matter

A

Telling Method
Doing Method
Visual Method Mental Method

103
Q

lecture, discussion , story telling, etc…

A

Telling Method

104
Q

project, problem solving, textbook etc…

More on process

A

Doing Method

105
Q

demonstration, supervised study etc…

A

Visual Method

106
Q

inductive, deductive, analysis, synthesis, critical thinking etc…

A

Mental Method

107
Q

all the materials and physical means an instructor might use to implement instruction

A

Instructional Media

108
Q

chalkboards, handouts, charts, slides, overheads, real objects, and videotape or film

A

Traditional materials

109
Q

computers, DVDs, CD-ROMs, the Internet, and interactive video conferencing.

A

Newer materials

110
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
You should use media whenever, in your best judgment, it can facilitate learning or increase understanding of your material.

A

TRUE

111
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Instructional Media connect learners to events that are culturally relevant and timely

A

TRUE

112
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Instructional Media builds bridges bet students’ knowledge and learning objectives of the course

A

TRUE

113
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Instructional Media engage students, aid retention to the knowledge of student,

A

TRUE

114
Q

4 Goals of Media

A 
ADAP
Attracting attention
Developing interest
Adjusting the learning
Promoting acceptance of the idea
115
Q

Types of Instructional Media

A 
Projected Media 
Non-Projected Media 
Audio Media
Motion Media
Hyper Media 
Gaming Media
116
Q

require projection and electricity in their using process

A

Projected Media

Allow all students to view the same material at the same time

117
Q

slides, filmstrips, and overheads

A

Projected Media

118
Q

not require the process of projection before its operation can take place

A

Non-Projected Media

encourage students to look at data in diverse ways

119
Q

photographs, diagrams, and displays

A

Non-Projected Media

120
Q

allow students to hear other languages/dialects

A

Audio Media

121
Q

cassettes and compact discs

A

Audio Media

122
Q

videos, computer mediated instruction, and television

A

Motion Media

123
Q

Offer supplemental instruction, experience concepts in a manner that is not available in “real life”

A

Motion Media

124
Q

computer networks, software, and the Internet

A

Hyper Media

125
Q

offer resources beyond the library, dev computer and word processing skills, offer interactive learning.

A

Hyper Media

126
Q

computer games

A

Gaming Media

127
Q

provide a playful environment for learning

A

Gaming Media

128
Q

Social science that draws from the biological, environmental, psychological, physical and medical sciences

A

Health Education

129
Q

(strong, healthy), sound ( body, family and environment), whole

A

Health = Hal = “ hale

130
Q

6 interacting and dynamic dimensions of health (PESISO)

A

physical, emotional, social, intellectual, spiritual and occupation.

131
Q

“Soundness of body or mind that condition in which its are duly and efficiently discharged.”

A

Health (Oxford Dictionary)

132
Q

Ability to lead a socially and economically productive life

A

Health

133
Q

is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

A

Health (WHO, 1984)

134
Q

Aims of Health Education:

  1. Health___ and disease ____
  2. Early ____ and management.
  3. Utilization of available_____.
A
  1. promotion, prevention
  2. diagnosis
  3. health services
135
Q

Principles of Health Education:

message should be conveyed by trusting people

A

Credibility

136
Q

Principles of Health Education:

what the community like to change or achieve

A

Interest

137
Q

Principles of Health Education:

if they are working out of their interest

A

Participation

138
Q

Principles of Health Education:

if they realized that the program is beneficial to them

A

Motivation

139
Q

Principles of Health Education:

find the capacity of the people which need the baseline data

A

Comprehension

140
Q

Principles of Health Education:

need repeat follow up

A

Reinforcement

141
Q

Principles of Health Education:

who facilitates = one who start

A

Learning by doing

142
Q

Principles of Health Education:

starts what knowledge they have up to the knowledge they don’t have

A

Known to unknown

143
Q

Principles of Health Education:

set examples

A

Setting an example

144
Q

Principles of Health Education:

building rapport to the community’s people

A

Good human relations

145
Q

Principles of Health Education:

evaluation on the program: what happened

A

Feedback

146
Q

Principles of Health Education:

competent, knowledgeable, expert, honest, know what they are doing

A

Leaders

147
Q

Need and Importance of Health Education:

____people about health, illness, disability, and ways in which they can improve and protect their own health

A

Inform

148
Q

Need and Importance of Health Education:

____people who want to change to more healthy practices

A

Motivate

149
Q

Need and Importance of Health Education:

____ teaching and communication skills in all those engaged in educating consumers about health

A

Foster

150
Q

Need and Importance of Health Education: ____change in the environment that facilitate healthful conditions and healthful behavior

A

Advocate

151
Q

Need and Importance of Health Education:

____to knowledge via research and evaluation concerning the most effective ways of achieving the above objectives

A

Add

152
Q

Need and Importance of Health Education:
____of info to people the imp of overall health, how to use efficiently the healthcare delivery system, understanding lifestyle diseases

A

Dissemination

153
Q

Need and Importance of Health Education: ____ourselves in research and evaluation to select effective ways of achieving the best outcome of health

A

Involve

PSTM (14 decks)

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