intro to pregnancy

Question 1

menstrual cycle

Answer 1

1st half of cycles: menses, and estradiol rises (causing proliferation) until theres an LH surge where ovulation occurs, and then the second half starts where the corpus luteum secretes progestrone causing a proliferative phase

Decidulizes the endometrium to allow implantation, if no implantation occurs the decidualized endometrium is shed and a period happens

If there is implantation hcG saves the corpus luteum which allows it to make more progesterone

Question 2

Fertilazation and implantation

Answer 2

fertilization usually happens in th eampula and the it continues to grow as a blastocyst and implant in the uterus at 1 week

trophoblasts (secrete hCg) invading the endometrium allowing it to stick better

LH and FSH levels are suppressed

Question 3

when is a person pregnant

Answer 3

since the last menstral period (which adds 2 weeks before the lady get pregnant and her hCG levels go up), by the time they miss their period

Question 4

hcG measuremnet and function

Answer 4

Synthesized by villous syncytiotrophoblast, detectable at 7-10 days after fertilization

HcG levels roughly double every 48 hours in early pregnancy

Peak levels occurs at approximately 10 weeks gestation at about 100000 mIU/ml, promotes the maintanence of the progesterone secreting corpus luteum during the begining of pregnancy

Cytotrophobalsts of placenta grab on, and the syncytiotrophoblasts help to nourish the baby

Decidua basalis is where the placenta attatches

Question 5

pillars of placenta

Answer 5

pillars are the villi

w 1 oxygenated vein and 2 deoxygenated arteries

Question 6

Trophoblast

Answer 6

takes in cholesterol and makes progesterone and pregnenolone to androgens

EStriol

Question 7

-3 months, +7 days,

Answer 7

14 wks is 1st, then 22

they get resp alkalosis
tidal volume - breaths out more CO2