Intro To Osteology Online Module

Question 1

How many bones are in the human body?

Answer 1

Around 206

Question 2

What are the 5 functions of bone?

Answer 2

Support for body and soft organs

Protection for brain, spinal cord, and vital organs

Movement (levers for muscle movement)

Storage of minerals, growth factors, and triglycerides

Blood cell formation (haematopsis) in marrow cavities

Question 3

Define the axial skeleton?

Answer 3

The bones that don’t hang out of body

Question 4

Define the appendicular Skeleton

Answer 4

The bones that hang out of body

Question 5

What are the classifications of bone?

Answer 5

Long bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones

Question 6

Define long bones

Answer 6

Longer than wide

Ie. humerus

Question 7

Define short bones

Answer 7

Cube shaped bones

Ie. in wrist and ankle, talus

Question 8

Define a flat bone?

Answer 8

Thin, flat, slightly curved

Ie. sternum

Question 9

Define irregular bones

Answer 9

Complex shapes

Ie. vertebrae

Question 10

What are bone markings?

Answer 10

Attachments, holes and grooves for stuff to go through

Question 11

Name all types of bone markings

15

Answer 11

Trochanter 
Tuberosity 
Tubercle 
Head
Condyle
Epicondyle 
Ramus
Facet
Fossa
Forea
Sulcus 
Foramen
Meatus
Fissure
Sinus

Question 12

What’s a tuberosity?

Answer 12

Large round projection with rough head

Question 13

What’s a crest?

Answer 13

Narrow ridge of bone, prominent

Question 14

What’s a trochanter ?

Answer 14

Large, blunt, irregularly shaped process

Ie. on femur

Question 15

What’s an epicondyle?

Answer 15

Raised area on or above a condyle

Ie. ie. on humerus

Question 16

What’s a spine bone marking?

Answer 16

Sharp, slender, often pointed projection

Ie. spine of scapula

Question 17

What’s a process?

Answer 17

Any bony prominence

Ie. spinous processes on vertebrae

Question 18

Which bone markings are sites of muscle and ligament attachment?

8

Answer 18

Tuberosity 
Crest
Trochanter
Line
Tubercle
Epicondyle
Spine
Process

Question 19

What’s a line bone marking?

Answer 19

Narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than crest

Question 20

What’s a tubercle?

Answer 20

Small round projection or process

Question 21

What are the bone markings that help to form joints?

4

Answer 21

Head
Facet
Condyle
Ramus

Question 22

What’s a head?

Answer 22

Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

Ie. ribs and their head

Question 23

What’s a facet?

Answer 23

Smooth, nearly flat articular surface

Ie. facet of rib

Question 24

What’s a condyle?

Answer 24

Rounded articular projection

Question 25

What’s a ramus?

Answer 25

Arm like bar of bone | Ie. jaw part of mandible

Question 26

What’re the bone markings that are depressions and openings and why are they used? 7

Answer 26

Used for passage for blood vessels and nerves ``` Groove Fissure Foramen Notch Meatus Sinus Fossa ```

Question 27

What’s a groove?

Answer 27

Furrow

Question 28

What’s a fissure?

Answer 28

Narrow, slit like opening | Ie. inferior orbital fissure of eye socket

Question 29

What’s a foramen

Answer 29

Round or ova, opening through above

Question 30

What’s a notch?

Answer 30

Indentation at the edge of a structure

Question 31

What’s a meatus?

Answer 31

Canal like passage way

Question 32

What’s a sinus?

Answer 32

Cavity within a bone filled with air and lined mucous membrane

Question 33

What’s a fossa?

Answer 33

Shallow, basin like depression in a bone, often an articulation surface

Question 34

What’s the difference between spongy and compact bone?

Answer 34

Compact bone has a dense outer layer Spongy bone (cancellous), has honeycomb structure of trabecuale Ie. it is very porous