INTRO TO NURSING THEORY Flashcards
Care revolves in the use of magical thinking, superstitious beliefs and religious beliefs
Ancient Civilization
In the beginning, nursing was done in an _____________ way of caring for the sick and was considered a basic role for women
Intuitive way
No organized nursing care
Ancient civilization
In Egypt they believed that Goddess _________ and son ________ manipulates the dreams of the sick
Goddess Isis and son Horus
Earliest documented forms of service and law governing the practice of medicine
Code of Hammurabi ( Babylonia 1900 BC)
Care of the sick revolves around mythology
Greece and Rome
Greek God and Chief Healer
Asklepios
The soother
Epigone
Goddess of Health
Hygea
What country views nurses as herbalists, midwives, caregivers, wet nurses
Africa
What does Africa view nurses as?
- Herbalists
- Midwives
- Caregivers
- Wet nurses
What greatly influenced the practice of caring?
Religion
basis of Christian nursing practice
Parable of Good Samaritan
Marked the development of early specialized institutions
Christian Orders
1st organization for men in nursing members of brotherhood Early Church voluntarily took care of sick & burial of dead during great plague in Alexandria
Parabolani Brotherhood
Responsible for development of early managerial and administrative standards in providing care
- Teutonic Order of Knights
- Knights of Lazarus
- Knights of St. John of Jerusalem
One of the first nursing orders
- Alexian Brotherhood
- Knights of St. John of Jerusalem
- Augustinian Sisters
Patron saint of nurses
Camillus De Lellis
Order of Christian Charity providing care for poor, sick dying and prisoners
Camillus De Lellis
Specific to academia and refers to a branch of education, a department of learning or a domain of knowledge
Discipline
Branch of education; theoretical works leading to higher level of education and practice
Discipline
Knowledge focus or what nurses know and now how they use them for thinking and decision making while taking care of a patient.
Functional Focus (what nurses do)
__________ of persons, health and environment forms the basis for nursing as a discipline
Knowledge
Who stated that “ The study of paradigms is what mainly prepares the student for membership in a particular scientific community with which he/she will practice. By studying and practicing with them, the clients or community involved learn their trade.”
Kuhn
Refers to a specialized field of practice founded on the theoretical structure of the science or knowledge of the discipline and accompanying practice abilities
Profession
Knowledge of that discipline and accompanying practice abilities
Profession
Recognition and respect for their scholarly disciplined contribution to the health of the society
Profession
The principal form relating factual and descriptive knowing
Empirical Knowing
Any scientific, researched-based, theoretical and factual information
Empirical Knowing
knowledge obtained from textbooks, lectures, journals and online resources
Empirical Knowing
1st primary model
Empirical Knowing
Empirical Knowing focused on ___________ practice
Evidence-based practice
Accurate and thoughtful decision making about health care delivery system
Evidence-based practice
Comprised of knowledge synthesis, review and documentation
Evidence- based practice
Promotes quality care that has been demonstrated to be effective
Evidence-based practice
Related to understanding what is of significance to particular patients such as feelings, attitudes, points of view
Aesthetic Knowing
A manifestation of creative and expressive styles of the nurse
Aesthetic Knowing
Used in the process of giving appropriate nursing care through understanding the uniqueness of every patient
Aesthetic Knowing
Established by St. Vincent de Paul in France
Sisters of Charity
Group of women dedicated to serving the “poorest of the poor”
Sisters of Charity
Founded at Kaiserswerth, Germany
Order of Deaconesses
Recognized the role of women in giving services
Order of Deaconesses
History of nursing theory began with ____________
Florence Nightingale
Who envisioned nurses as body of educated women
Nightingale
What marked the birth of modern nursing
Establishment of a school of nursing at St. Thomas Hospital (London)
When did Nightingale recognized the unique focus of nursing
Mid-1800s
When did nursing profession began to engage in serious discussions about dev’t of nursing knowledge
1900’s
Focuses on empathy (ability for sharing or vividly understanding another’s feeling)
Aesthetic knowing
Includes the nurse’s ability in changing ways or manner of rendering nursing care
Aesthetic Knowing
Requires knowledge of different philosophical positions regarding what is right and wrong
Ethical Knowing
Involves the judgement of right and wrong in relations to intentions, reasons and attributes
Ethical Knowing
Includes all deliberate nursing actions involving and under jurisdictions of ethics and professionalism
Ethical Knowing
Encompasses knowledge of the self in relation to others and to self
Personal knowing
Focused on realizing, meeting and defining the real, true self, and self-awareness
Personal knowing
Most difficult knowing to master and teach
Personal knowing
What years are the curriculum era?
1900-1940s
What years are the Research Era?
1950- 1970s
What years are the Graduate Education Era?
1950 -1970s
What years are the Theory Era?
1980-1990s
What years are the Theory Utilization Era?
21st Century
What era emphasizes: Carving out an advanced role and basis for nursing practice
Graduate Education Era: 1950-1970s
What era emphasizes: Nursing theory guides research, practice, education, and administration
Theory Utilization Era (21st Century)
What era has outcomes that is: Standardized curricula for diploma programs
Curriculum Era: 1900-1940s
What era has an emerging goal: Isolated studies do not yield unified knowledge
Research Era (1950-1970s)
What era has an emerging goal: Nursing frameworks produce knowledge (evidence) for quality care
Theory Utilization Era (21st Century)
What era has the major question: What knowledge is needed for the practice of nursing?
Graduate Education Era (1950-1970s)
