Intro to Motor Function

Question 1

What are motor skills?

Answer 1

Activities or tasks that require voluntary control over movements of the joints and body segments to achieve a goal

Question 2

What is motor learning?

Answer 2

The acquisition of motor skills, the performance enhancement of learned or highly experienced motor skills.

Question 3

Motor learning is when you…

Answer 3

want to learn a skilled task so you practice with a goal in mind until the skill is executed automatically

Question 4

What is the first phase of motor learning?

Answer 4

The cognitive phase. Movements are slow, inconsistent, inefficient, and large parts of the movement are controlled consciously. You are THINKING.

Question 5

What is the second phase of motor learning?

Answer 5

The associative phase. Happens after repetition and feedback. Movements become more fluid, reliable, and efficient, and some parts of the movement are controlled automatically.

Question 6

What is the last phase of motor learning?

Answer 6

The autonomous phase. Movements are accurate, consistent, efficient, and movement is largely controlled automatically.

Question 7

In the _______ stage, there is a lot of trial and error. People are _____ and making _____.

Answer 7

cognitive
thinking
mistakes
“what to do”

Question 8

In the _____ stage, continued _____ leads to _____ of the motor program.

Answer 8

associative
practice
refinement
“how to do”

Question 9

In the ______ stage, much practice leads to ________ of movement. In this stage, we learn how to _____.

Answer 9

autonomous
automaticity
succeed.

Question 10

In the cognitive stage, a therapist must consider the ____ of the skill, the steps or the _____, the ______style, and feedback. ______ is better than ______.

Answer 10

purpose and context
plan
learners
positive feedback
negative feedback

Question 11

In the associative stage, there is continued ______ practice as well as feedback which refines skill. The therapist, and in some ways the patient, should be able to _____ and ______ errors.

Answer 11

deliberate
identify and correct

Question 12

what is motor control?

Answer 12

How our neuromuscular system functions to activate and coordinate the muscles and limbs involved in the performance of motor skills.

Question 13

Motor control is the process of _____, ______, and _____ purposeful voluntary movement.

Answer 13

initiating, directing, and grading

Question 14

what is motor development?

Answer 14

The combination of motor learning and motor control and the development from infancy to old age.

Question 15

What is a motor program?

Answer 15

A series of mini-routines organized into the correct sequence to perform a movement.
Stored in the long term memory!

Question 16

What is a motor plan?

Answer 16

A complex series of motor programs to execute a desired movement or series of movements. The steps and organization needed to execute movement.

Question 17

what is motor memory?

Answer 17

The recall of motor programs. More repetition is better!

Question 18

Motor learning requires
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Answer 18

1. Deliberate Practice
   2.Feedback
2. Transfer of Learning
3. Generalizability (apply to daily function)
4. Outcomes

Question 19

What order is best for motor function training?

Answer 19

1. stability must come first
   2.mobility on stability
   distal mobility requires proximal stability
2. Mobility (dynamic stability)
3. Motor skill

Question 20

Consider a patient that wants to be able to throw a baseball. What should we work on first?

Answer 20

We need to have scapular shoulder/glenohumeral stability to allow the arm to move through the appropriate ROM.

Question 21

Feedback involves knowledge of results and performance. Knowledge of results is _____ oriented. Knowledge of performance is ____ oriented.

Answer 21

outcome oriented
quality oriented

Question 22

Functional mobility skills include…
1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer 22

1. Bed mobility
   2.transfers
2. locomotion
3. ADL