Intro to Intervention

Question 1

what is step one to intervention?

Answer 1

Identify the problem and its underlying cause.

Question 2

A therapist should tie ______ to the ______ and _______ limitations identified in the examination.

Answer 2

interventions to the impairments and functional limitations

Question 3

Therapeutic exercise should _____ or ______ impairments, improve or restore _______, prevent or reduce______, and optimize overall health.

Answer 3

remediate or prevent
physical function
health related risk factors

Question 4

Passive range of motion/ mobility has to do with ______. Passive exercise is the movement of a joint or body segments by a ______ to the body. There _____ voluntary muscle contraction.

Answer 4

muscle length
force external to the body
is NO

Question 5

When should you use passive exercise? (4)

Answer 5

When a patient is unable to perform any form of active contraction.
This can be due to (1) paralysis, (2) comatose, (3) recovery from surgery, or (4) healing fractures.

Question 6

What are the benefits of passive exercise? (6)

Answer 6

1. preserves and maintains ROM
2. Minimizes contracture and adhesion formation
3. Maintains mechanical elasticity of muscles
4. Promotes and maintains local circulation
5. promotes awareness of joint motion
6. enhances cartilage nutrition!

Question 7

Passive range of motion DOES NOT… (3)

Answer 7

1. prevent muscle atrophy
2. increase muscle strength or endurance
3. Assist in circulation as well as AROM or AAROM

Question 8

What is active range of motion?

Answer 8

A movement of a segment within the unrestricted ROM that is produced by active contraction of the muscles crossing the joint

Question 9

What is active assisted range of motion?

Answer 9

A type of AROM in which assistance is provided manually or mechanically by an outside force because the prime mover muscles need assistance to complete the motion.

Question 10

Self assisted ROM is typically apart of a HEP . It _____ healing tissue. it can be ____ or _____ based.

Answer 10

protect
manual or equipment based

Question 11

Stretching can have different modes such as ___, _____, or ______.
The intensity of stretches should be ____, a low load, and ____ to make a change in the underlying tissue. Duration should generally be _____ sec for _____ reps.
Frequency is dependent on age, chronicity, pathology and meds. In general ____ per week.

Answer 11

static, dynamic, ballistic
slow, prolonged
15-60 seconds for 2-5 reps
3-5 times per week

Question 12

The nervous system controls ______ in muscles. People with chronically tight muscles will typically have underlying ______ mechanism that needs to be addressed.

Answer 12

tone
neuromuscular

Question 13

Important to warm up the tissues before _____ stretching. The purpose of a warm up is to increase _____ and reduce _____.

Answer 13

static
extensibility
risk of injury

Question 14

The direction of a stretch should be ______ to the _____ motion.

Answer 14

opposite
restricted

Question 15

There are 3 basic modes of resistance exercise:

Answer 15

1. isotonic (same tone/ same weight entire time)
2. isometric (without moving ROM at joint)
3. isokinetic (maintaining same speed at varying resistance)

Question 16

Isotonic contractions can be eccentric or concentric meaning…
They can be performed in an open or close chain meaning….

Answer 16

eccentric is lengthening
concentric is shortening.
Open chain means the distal extremity is open to space
Closed chain means that the distal extremity is attached (push up or squat)

Question 17

Isotonic contractions are used to (7):

Answer 17

1. Maintain or increase strength, power, and endurance
2. promote circulation
3. enhance the cardiovascular efficiency
4. create hypertrophy of muscle fibers
5. maintain physiological elasticity of the muscles
6. maintain joint motion
7. maintain or enhance coordination

Question 18

In an isometric contraction there is ___ observable joint motion. There is no significant change in ____ HOWEVER there can be an increase or decrease in ______ recruited. An example is a quad set.

Answer 18

NO
muscle length
muscle fibers

Question 19

What is resistance exercise?

Answer 19

Any form of active exercise in which a dynamic or static muscular contraction is resisted by an outside force. Can be manual or mechanical (weight, theraband, etc)

Question 20

What are the goals of resistive exercise? (3)

Answer 20

To improve function!
1. increase strength
2. increase muscular power endurance
3. increase power

Question 21

Strength is the amount of ____ of a _____ muscle. It is directly related to the amount of _____ a contracting muscle can produce.

Answer 21

Force output of a contracting
Tension

Question 22

Power is related to ___ and ____.

Answer 22

strength and speed

Question 23

what are the contraindications to resistive exercise?(3)

Answer 23

1. Pain with resistance
2. Active inflammation
3. Severe cardiopulmonary disease

Question 24

What are precautions for resistive exercise?

Answer 24

-Avoid valsalva maneuver. (holding breath leads to increased abdominal and thoracic pressure which can abruptly increase blood pressure)
-Avoid substitute motions.

Question 25

What are goals of AROM and AAROM? (5)

Answer 25

1. To maintain physiological elasticity and contractility of the participating muscles
2. To provide sensory feedback from the contracting muscles
3. To provide a stimulus for bone and tissue integrity
4. Increase circulation to prevent thrombus
5. Develop coordination and motor skills

Question 26

Isometric contractions produces little to no…

Answer 26

Joint motion it significant change in the length of the muscle. You are still working strength

Question 27

An isokinetic contraction is when…

Answer 27

Equipment controls the speed of patients contractions and produces variable resistance to the muscles as it contracts through its arc

Question 28

Power is work per unit time. The greater the intensity of the exercise and the ____ the time taken to generate force, the ____ muscle power.

Answer 28

Shorter
Greater

Question 29

Overload principle

Answer 29

If muscle is to improve a load that exceeds the metabolic capacity of the muscle must be applied.

Question 30

How do you overload in strength traning

Answer 30

Increase the resistance progressively

Question 31

How do you overload in endurance training

Answer 31

Increase repetitions or sets

Question 32

What are determinants of resistive exercise

Answer 32

Alignment of body segments
Stabilization
Intensity
Mode
Frequency
Duration
Progression and modifications