Intro to Kinesiology Flashcards
Review basic structure and function of joints, biomechanical principles, and muscle structure and function
what are Osteokinematics?
large scale movements that we can observe
“flexion of the shoulder”
what are arthokinematics?
the motion that occurs between joint surfaces, we cannot see or observe these
also known as “joint play”
what is the concave-convex rule?
roll and glide is in the SAME direction
what is the convex-concave rule?
roll and glide is in the OPPOSITE direction
T/F: rolls are generally in the same direction as the osteokinematic motion”
TRUE
Describe what movement “roll” is in arthokinematics
multiple points along one articulating surface rotating and making contact with multiple points on another articular surface
like a rotating tire making contact with the road
describe what movement “glide” is in arthorkinematics
a single point on one articular process making contact with multiple points on another articular process
like a tire that is being braked, one spot on the brake pad makes contact with multiple places on the tire
describe what movement “spin” is in arthrokinematics
a single point on one articular surface makes contact with a single point on another articular surface
the axis of the tire makes contact with one part of the tire
T/F: : After strain in the elastic region is removed from a tissue it results in a permanent change in tissue length
False,
strain in the plastic region results in permanent change in tissue length
Viscoelastic tissues are dependent on what 2 factors?
time
rate
Define Viscosity
resistance to flow
Define elasticity
ability to return to original length or shape after removal of deforming load
What is creep?
progressive strain of a material when exposed to a constant load over time
describe a first-class lever and give an example of one in the body
classic seesaw
axis is between opposing forces
head and neck extensor muscles is an example
describe a second-class lever and give an example of one in the body
wheelbarrow
axis is located at one end, resistance in the middle, force at the other end
standing on tip toes
describe a third-class lever and give an example of one in the body
axis at one end with force in the middle and resistance at the opposite end
elbow flexion
what is the most common lever type in the human body?
third-class lever
What are Newton’s 3 laws?
- Law of inertia
- Law of acceleration (F = ma)
- Law of action and reaction
Define inertia, what is it directly proportional to?
the amount of force required to move an object (object will remain at rest until a sufficent amount of force is applied)
directly proportional to mass
What is mass moment of inertia?
a quantity that indicates resistance to change in angular velocity
what does an electrogoniometer measure?
joint angular rotation during movement
What are 2 non-contractile proteins that make up a muscle?
what do they contribute?
- Titin
- Desmin
stabilization of contractile proteins
provide passive force
what are the most common muscle arrangement?
Fusiform
Pennate
What is a force couple?
When 2 muscles create force in 2 different linear directions that result in a produced torque in the same direction
pelvic tilting
