Intro to Immunology

Question 1

Atopic diseases are more commonly known as what?

Answer 1

Allergies

Question 2

What are the 4 main roles of the immune system?

Answer 2

1. Defense against infections
2. Defense against tumors
3. Inflammatory responses
4. Host v. non-host

Question 3

What does CD stand for?

Answer 3

Cluster of differentiation

Question 4

The messengers of the immune system are commonly known as _____________

Answer 4

Cytokines

Question 5

The two main types of immunity?

Answer 5

Innate and adaptive

Question 6

What are the subcategories of adaptive immunity?

Answer 6

Passive (artificial and natural)

Active (artificial and natural)

Question 7

What is the fast immune response? Slow?

Answer 7

Innate immune system responds on the hours timeline while adaptive responds on the day timeline

Question 8

Is adaptive immunity specific or non-specific?

Answer 8

Specific, it is the learning immunity

Question 9

What is the default state of innate immunity?

Answer 9

It is turned off unless needed

Question 10

Innate immune cells generally follow what lineage?

Answer 10

Myeloid stem cells

Question 11

Eosinophils differentiate in response to ___________

Answer 11

IL5

Question 12

Eosinophils make up ________ % of white blood cells

Answer 12

1-6

Question 13

Eosinophils are short-lived, they usual live in circulation for ______________

Answer 13

8-12 hours

Question 14

What was the primary responsibility of eosinophils? What do they do now?

Answer 14

Multicellular parasites, atopic diseases

Question 15

Basophils are non-_____________ and generally have ____________ nucleus

Answer 15

Phagocytic, bi-lobed

Question 16

(T/F) basophils are granulated

Answer 16

T

Question 17

What are basophils stained with?

Answer 17

Methylene blue

Question 18

What is one of the major compounds released by basophils?

Answer 18

Histamine

Question 19

Mast cells often live in ______________

Answer 19

Tissues

Question 20

What are the two types of mast cells?

Answer 20

Tissue and mucosal

Question 21

Mast cells play a role in what 2 responses?

Answer 21

Inflammatory and atopic

Question 22

Mast cells granules are made of:

Answer 22

Histamine, proteases, heparin, TNF

Question 23

Mast cells serve to active more

Answer 23

WBCs

Question 24

What lineage do NK cells come from?

Answer 24

Lymphoid

Question 25

What are NK activated by?

Answer 25

IL12 (macrophages), IL15, Type I IFNs

Question 26

Activated NK activate macrophages by ___________

Answer 26

IFN-gamma

Question 27

NK function in the destruction of ______________ cells

Answer 27

Cancer

Question 28

Circulating monocytes are called _______________

Answer 28

Macrophages

Question 29

Monocytes/macrophages function in quick or prolonged defense?

Answer 29

Prolonged

Question 30

What type of cells function as professional APC?

Answer 30

Dendritic cells

Question 31

Neutrophils are ______lived and respond __________

Answer 31

Short, rapidly

Question 32

__________ immunity uses antibodies to neutralize and eradicate exogenous antigens

Answer 32

Humoral

Question 33

____________ immunity eradicates endogenous antigens

Answer 33

Cell-mediated