Intro to Immunology Flashcards

(33 cards)

1
Q

Atopic diseases are more commonly known as what?

A

Allergies

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2
Q

What are the 4 main roles of the immune system?

A
  1. Defense against infections
  2. Defense against tumors
  3. Inflammatory responses
  4. Host v. non-host
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3
Q

What does CD stand for?

A

Cluster of differentiation

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4
Q

The messengers of the immune system are commonly known as _____________

A

Cytokines

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5
Q

The two main types of immunity?

A

Innate and adaptive

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6
Q

What are the subcategories of adaptive immunity?

A

Passive (artificial and natural)

Active (artificial and natural)

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7
Q

What is the fast immune response? Slow?

A

Innate immune system responds on the hours timeline while adaptive responds on the day timeline

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8
Q

Is adaptive immunity specific or non-specific?

A

Specific, it is the learning immunity

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9
Q

What is the default state of innate immunity?

A

It is turned off unless needed

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10
Q

Innate immune cells generally follow what lineage?

A

Myeloid stem cells

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11
Q

Eosinophils differentiate in response to ___________

A

IL5

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12
Q

Eosinophils make up ________ % of white blood cells

A

1-6

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13
Q

Eosinophils are short-lived, they usual live in circulation for ______________

A

8-12 hours

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14
Q

What was the primary responsibility of eosinophils? What do they do now?

A

Multicellular parasites, atopic diseases

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15
Q

Basophils are non-_____________ and generally have ____________ nucleus

A

Phagocytic, bi-lobed

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16
Q

(T/F) basophils are granulated

17
Q

What are basophils stained with?

A

Methylene blue

18
Q

What is one of the major compounds released by basophils?

19
Q

Mast cells often live in ______________

20
Q

What are the two types of mast cells?

A

Tissue and mucosal

21
Q

Mast cells play a role in what 2 responses?

A

Inflammatory and atopic

22
Q

Mast cells granules are made of:

A

Histamine, proteases, heparin, TNF

23
Q

Mast cells serve to active more

24
Q

What lineage do NK cells come from?

25
What are NK activated by?
IL12 (macrophages), IL15, Type I IFNs
26
Activated NK activate macrophages by ___________
IFN-gamma
27
NK function in the destruction of ______________ cells
Cancer
28
Circulating monocytes are called _______________
Macrophages
29
Monocytes/macrophages function in quick or prolonged defense?
Prolonged
30
What type of cells function as professional APC?
Dendritic cells
31
Neutrophils are ______lived and respond __________
Short, rapidly
32
__________ immunity uses antibodies to neutralize and eradicate exogenous antigens
Humoral
33
____________ immunity eradicates endogenous antigens
Cell-mediated