Intro to Haematology Flashcards
What is the does blood transport?
O2 and CO2 in RBC
Nutrients, Waste and Messages In Plasma
How does blood maintain vascular integrity?
Prevents leaks via platelets and clotting factors
Prevents blockages via anticoagulants and fibinolytics
How does blood protect us from pathogens?
Allows for phagocytosis and killing of cells via granulocytes and monocytes
Lymphocutes in blood recognise antigens and forms antibodies
Where is bone marrow found?
Inside the bone
Mostly the axial skeleton in adults
Looks like stroma and sinusoids
Describe the evolution of erythroblast to erythrocyte?
Erythroblast –> reticulocyte –> erythrocyte
Where is erythropoetin made?
In the kidneys in response to hypoxia
What does the reticulocyte count measure?
Red cell production
What are the consequences of anaemia?
Dyspnoea and fatigue due to poor gas transfer
What are neutrophils?
Cells that ingest and destroy pathogens
What is the function of monocytes?
To ingest and destroy pathogens especially bacteria and fungi
What are Class I HLA?
Display internal antigens on all nucleated cells
What are class II HLA?
Displays antigens eaten by professional antigen presenting cells
What is the function of HLA ?
To assist cells in identifying wheter cellls are self or non self or infected vs uninfected
What diagnostic tools are used in haematology?
FBC, Clotting Times, Bleeding Time, Platelet and Leucocyte function test, chemical assays, marrow aspirate and trephine biopsy, lymph node biopsy, imaging
