Intro to general principles- SIRs, Sepsis, MODs and DIC Flashcards
What is SIRS
systemic inflammatory response syndrome
A self-amplifying dysregulated systemic inflammatory response commonly triggered by bacterial toxins
Inflammation in SIRS leads to.
cell death and apoptosis
what is sepsis
SIRS + culture proving infection
what is severe sepsis
sepsis ( SIRS+ culture proven infection) with organ hypoperfusion or dysfunction
what is septic shock
severe sepsis + systemic hypotension
common in foals and rare in adult horses
What is MODS
multi organ dysfunction syndrome
list the 2 classifications of MODS
primary or secondary
define primary MODS
Resulting from well defined insult where organ dysfunction occurs early and is a direct consequence of the insult itself
e.g. burns and neoplasia
define secondary MODS
Organ failure not in direct response to the insult but as a consequence of a host response (SIRS)
what is DIC
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation,
Consumptive coagulopathy- pathological activation of the coagulation cascade
Describe the mechanism of DIC
Pathological activation of coagulation = Microvascular clotting, haemorrhagic diathesis and consumption of procoagulants
DIC is associated with……
SIRS, sepsis, septic shock
MODS (systemic neoplasia, enteritis/ colitis)
List the clinical signs of DIC
Usually manifested by thrombosis rather than spontaneous haemorrhage in large animals
Petechial haemorrhage- micro haemorrhage in mm
Bleeding following trauma (venipuncture, surgery, NGT)
desctibe how DIC is diagnosed
3 out of 5 abnormalities of…
Thrombocytopenia
Prolonged prothrombin time
Prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time
Increased fibrin degradation products
Decreased antithrombin 3
