Intro to EM -Ross

Question 1

If you intubate a pt successfully, which color do you expect the CO2 detector to change to? What color will it be if it is unsuccessful? What can give you a false reading?

Answer 1

• you want it to change to yellow
• purple is bad –> not correctly intubated
• can get a false reading with cardiac problems that are causing a lack of circulation and gas exchange –> might not get a color change

Question 2

If a pediatric patient comes into the ER after being struck by a vehicle and a pericardial effusion (blood in the pericardial sac) is suspected, what test should be done?

Answer 2

Ultrasound! FAST scan

Question 3

If a patient is presenting with hives and SOB, what medication should be given? What is the dose for adults and peds?

Answer 3

• anaphylaxis

- give epinephrine (.3-.5 for adults, .15 for peds)

Question 4

What are the two components to asthma? What medications are given to control each?

Answer 4

• mucus produced by goblet cells–> give corticosteroids

- bronchoconstriction–> give beta agonist (albuterol)

Question 5

Anyone that comes into the ER with an altered level of consciousness should be checked for ________.

Answer 5

hypoglycemia!

Question 6

When should the rate of atrial fibrillation be controlled? How? When should a pt be cardioverted?

Answer 6

Look this up

Question 7

What amount of blood does a normal person have in their body? Why is this important?

Answer 7

8% of body weight is blood and most normal people estimate is 70 kg ==>

8% x 70= 5600 mL =5.6 L

-need to know in the event that someone is hemorrhaging so you can know how much blood to replace

Question 8

What are the treatment options for a AAA? What are these medications doing?

Answer 8

can give either Esmolol and Nitroprusside or Labetalol alone

–> decrease tension on the arterial wall and decrease the rate

Question 9

What lab test can be used to rule out a pulmonary embolism?

Answer 9

D-dimer

will ALWAYS be high in a PE