Intro to CRIM Flashcards
The scientific study of criminal behaviour
Criminology
Behaviour that violates societal norms
deviance
Formal and informal rules of everyday behaviour (respect for property)
Norm (unless in a gang then norm is to vandalise people’s property
Criminal behaviour that is considered NOT deviant
- Speeding
not encoded in law, change frequently
Informal Norms
Norms salient in a particular culture- Based of law. The sanction is formal or informal
Legal Norms
What is deviant but not Criminal?
Cross-dressing
An act that violates criminal law and is punishable by the state
Crime
Loss of property
Fine
Restricts your freedom
Probation
Takes away your freedom
Prison
Loss of life
Execution
Inherently criminal act
No behaviour by its nature is a crime, someone must state that it is a crime
Criminal Act
Actus Reus
Guilty mind, criminal intent
Mens Rea
Refers to the conscious will to commit an act that violates the consequences of his/her criminal actions
Mens Rea
-Violent crimes
-Murder
-Sexual assault (rape)
-Aggravated assault
are examples of:
Index Crimes
-Arson
-Theft
-Burglary
-Auto theft
are examples of:
Property Crimes
What type of offence is vandalism
Type II offence
Primarily Misdemeanors
Type II offence
Collects all crime and traffic statistics reported by all law enforcement agencies in Canada
Uniform Crime Reports
-Uniform Crime Reports
-The National Crime Victimisation Survey
-Self-Report Survey
-National Incident- Based Reporting System
are examples of:
Sources of Crime statistics
Collects information from a sample of Canadians conducted every 5 years with national and provincial data. Information on crimes that have not been reported by police
General Social Survey on Victimization.
Costs of crime in Canada as of 2009/2010
$85.2 billion
Overall costs of criminal victimization in U.S.A for economical loss in 2007
$15 billion losses to victims
Overall costs of criminal victimization in U.S.A for government, corrections,justice system loss in 2007
$179 billion
The amount of crime that is unreported or unknown
Dark Figure of Crime
