Chapter 5 Labelling Theory Flashcards

1
Q

World is a stage and individuals are actors presenting their show to self

A

Dramaturgical Approach

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2
Q

What is front stage

A

How one presents his or herself to the world

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3
Q

What is back stage

A

Who you really are

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4
Q

Viewed as a negative or discreiting attribute that has ability of reducing people’s evaluation of an individuals who possesses it (i.e physical disability, institutionalized…)

A

Stigma- Goffman, E (2011)

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5
Q

Three types of stigma according to Goffman

A
  1. Physical deformities (body)
  2. Character flaws (shortcomings) - perceived as weak, mental disorders, imprisonment, addictions, unemployment
  3. tribal stigmas- race, nation, religion
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6
Q

People with particular stigma often have similar learning experiences regards their plight and changes in conception of “self”

A

Moral Career

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7
Q

Those who become socialized into his or her unfavourable situation yet “learning and incorporating the standards against which they fall

A

Inborn stigma

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8
Q

Reasons that change your conception of self

A

-born into a certain race, religion, nation

  • family to protect their young (someone with a disability)
  • become stigmatized later in life ex. develop cancer, criminalization, an accident
  • initially socialized in an alien community who
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9
Q

A culture explained either by factors in the experience of adolescence or by the manipulation of young people’s spending and leisure, through the advertising and other mass media. The functional separation of home, school, and work supposedly makes teens increasingly distinct from adults and subject to peer group influence rather than parent and other adult influences

A

Youth Culture

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10
Q

refers to the set of linked social institutions, social structures and social practices that maintain and enforce “normal” ways of relating and behaving

A

Social Order

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11
Q

A sociological approach that seeks to reveal how human awareness is implicated in the production of social actions, social situations, and social worlds

A

Phenomenology

  • allows people to speak about their experiences, allow violent criminals to direct
    • EX. Ed Camper- killed mother and sister and interviewer asked about it
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12
Q

A sociological theory developed by Harold Garfinkel that roughly translates into the study of people’s practices or methods. This micro-perspective views the social world as something that people must build and rebuild constantly in their thoughts and actions

A

Ethnomethodolgy

  • social psychological approach
  • don’t have structured questions
  • lets criminals describe their experience
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13
Q

Part of labelling theory, children will behave bad because they were called a bad kid

A

Self-fulfilling Prophecy

  • EX. John M and schizophrenic
  • It’s hard to shake a label once you have it
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14
Q

Theory to explain juvenile delinquency, people aren’t constantly a criminal. Youths learn to neutralize society’s moral constraints and will periodically come in and out of criminal behaviour

A

Drift Theory by Sykes & Matza

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15
Q

Techniques that juveniles use

*explains white collar crime as well

A
  1. Denial of Responsibility (“i got hurt as well”)
  2. Denial of victim (shoplift therefore victim less crime)
  3. Denial of injury (vandalism )
  4. condemnation of the condemners (law enforcement)
  5. Appeal to higher loyalties (ex. part of a gang)
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16
Q

Describes techniques for avoiding self-sanction: displacement of responsibility; diffusion of responsibility; distoring the consequences of an action; dehumanising the victim and assuming the role of victim for one’s self

A

Moral disengagement Theory by BANDURA 1990

17
Q

People in authority are responsible

A

Displacement of responsibility

18
Q

group of individuals behave inhumane - no one person feels responsible

A

Diffusion of responsibility

19
Q

Those being victimized are viewed as objects therefore no empathy

A

Dehumanising the victim and assuming the role for one’s self

20
Q

minimize the harm or avoid facing it

A

Distorting the consequences of an action

21
Q

Who wrote “The Outsiders” which stated label is applied about how to become a marijuana user, don’t fit the norm

A

Howard Becker

22
Q

A method for measuring crime involving the distribution of detailed questionnaires to a sample of people, asking them if they have committed a crime during a particular period of time

A

Self-report

23
Q

focuses on the issues of image, meaning, and representation in the interplay of crime and crime control

A

Cultural criminology