Chapter 3 Biological and Psychological Positivism Flashcards

1
Q

Require knowledge of our world through observable facts and other information gained through our senses, Follows a classical method (experimental) used by the natural sciences to gain knowledge. Not interested in anything that is not observable

A

Positivism

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2
Q

The scientific study of biological factors associated with the development of an engagement in criminal behaviour

A

Biocriminology

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3
Q

What were Lombarso’s findings about criminal faces?

A

-Symmetry of Criminals

STIGMA that people are criminals based on their appearance

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4
Q

Examples of Lombarso’s symmetry of criminals theory

A
  • Large jaw
  • Tattoos
  • small chin
  • left-handed
  • 2 rows of teeth
  • Asymmetrical face
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5
Q

____ Positivism:

  • born criminals
  • insane, imbecile, alcoholics
A

Biological

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6
Q

____ Positivism:

  • Sociological based
  • Came involved in crime due to environment
  • Lack of socializaton
  • Criminal by passion
A

Psychological

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7
Q

Became involved in crime as a result of their environment

A

Criminaloid

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8
Q

Lack of socialization

A

Habitual Criminal

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9
Q

Who claimed that women have not come as far as males on the evolutionary scale

A

Lombroso

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10
Q

Who believed that the nature of the criminal is determined by character of the institution and traditions

A

Lonbroso

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11
Q

the study of or belief in the possibility of improving the qualities of the human species or a human population, especially by such means as discouraging reproduction by persons having genetic defects or presumed to have inheritable undesirable traits

A

Eugenics

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12
Q

The science of good breeding

A

Eugenics (began in 1924)

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13
Q

How many women were forcibly sterilized by 1972

A

~70,000

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14
Q

When was the sterilization law repealed?

A

1972, however 308 intellectually challenged were forced to be sterilized in 1976

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15
Q

What is passive eugenics?

A

IUD device (AH Robins and Dalkon Shield) 4.5 million sold worldwide. 70s and 80s sold to women in underdeveloped countries and many died

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16
Q

Theory that states that individuals who engage in criminal acts are viewed as having lack of self-control

A

A General Theory of Crime by Gottfredson and Hirschi 1990.

17
Q

Who contradicts A General Theory of Crime?

A

Patrick Duffy “The railroad Rapist” 80s.

-argument was that he had self control.

18
Q

Causes of crime?

A
  • Impulsive personality
  • Lack of self-control
  • Biological and Psychological factors
  • Familial and extrafamilial factors