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Cardiovascular I > Intro to blood and hemopoiesis > Flashcards

Intro to blood and hemopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 general functions of blood?

A

Transport
Homeostasis
Hemostasis
Immunity

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2
Q

What is hematocrit?

A

Fraction of blood volume that is RBCs

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3
Q

What is the function of the plasma protein albumin?

A

Maintains colloid osmotic pressure

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4
Q

What are the two general classifications of leukocytes?

A

Granulocytes
Agranulocytes

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5
Q

What are the 3 granulocytes?

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

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6
Q

What are the 2 agranulocytes?

A

Monocytes
Lymphocytes

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7
Q

When does liver begin hematopoiesis?

A

Wk 6 of fetal life

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8
Q

When does bone marrow begin hematopoiesis?

A

Mo. 5 of fetal life

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9
Q

What are the stages from proerythroblast to erythrocyte?

A

Proerythroblast
Basophil erythroblast
Polychromatophil erythroblast
Orthochromatic erythroblast
Reticulocyte
Erythrocyte

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10
Q

What are the changes occurring to make a mature erythrocyte?

A

Reduction in size
Increase in cytoplasm
Disappearance of nucleus
Staining changes

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11
Q

When would reticulocyte count be low and erythropoietin levels be high?

A

When the bone marrow is unable to keep up with demand for blood cells - aplastic anemia

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12
Q

What are the two metabolic pathways of an RBC?

A

Glycolysis
Pentose shunt

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13
Q

What is the most essential regulator of RBC production?

A

Tissue oxygenation

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14
Q

What type of anemia is seen in CKD and the cause?

A

Normocytic, normochromic
Insufficient EPO production

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15
Q

What is the deficiency in anemia with normal methylmalonyl levels and elevated homocysteine?

A

Folate deficiency

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16
Q

What is the deficiency in anemia with elevated methylmalonyl and homocysteine levels?

A

Vit B12 deficiency

17
Q

What type of anemia is seen in both folate and vit B12 deficiencies?

A

Megaloblastic/macrocytic anemia

18
Q

What are the two constituents of heme?

A

Iron
Protoporphyrin

19
Q

What type of anemia is associated with iron deficiency?

A

Microcytic, hypochromic anemia

20
Q

What are the histological features of neutrophils?

A

Slightly blue cytoplasm with pink granules
Multilobed nucleus

21
Q

What are the histological features of eosinophils?

A

Purple colored nucleus
Pink cytoplasm

22
Q

What are the histological features of basophils?

A

Slightly blueish cytoplasm with course blue granules
Less segmented purple nucleus

23
Q

what are the histological features of lymphocytes?

A

Bluish cytoplasm
Ovoid or round, centrally placed nucleus that takes up majority of the cell

Cardiovascular I (20 decks)

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