Intro to Behavioral Science Flashcards
What is Echopraxia?
pathological imitation of movements of one person by another
What is Catalepsy?
general term for an immobile position that is constantly maintained
What is Catatonic Stupor?
markedly slowed motor activity, often to a point of immobility and seeming unawareness of surroundings
What is Waxy Flexibility?
condition of a person who can be molded into a position that is then maintained; when the examiner moves the person’s limb, the limb feels that it is made of wax
What is Cataplexy?
temporary loss of muscle tone and weakness precipitated by a variety of emotional states
What is Stereotypy?
repetitive fixed pattern of physical action or speech
What is Psychomotor agitation?
excessive motor and cognitive over activity, usually nonproductive and in response to internal tension
What is akathisia?
- subjective feeling of muscular tension secondary to antipsychotic or other medication, which can cause restlessness, pacing, repeated sitting and standing;
- can be mistaken for agitation
What is Dyskinesia?
difficulty in performing voluntary movements, as in extrapyramidal disorders
What is bradykinesia?
-slowness of motor activity with a decrease in normal spontaneous movement
What is chorea?
random and involuntary quick, jerky, purposeless movements
What is dystonia?
- slow, sustained contractions of the trunk or limbs;
- seen in medication induced dystonia
What is a labile mood?
- mood swings
- oscillations between euphoria, depression, or anxiety
What is Alexithymia?
-a person’s difficulty in describing or being aware of emotions or mood
What is appropriate affect?
- condition in which the emotional tone is in harmony with the accompanying idea, thought, or speech;
- also further described as broad or full affect in which a full range of emotions is appropriately expressed
What is an inappropriate affect?
disharmony between the emotional feeling tone and the idea, thought, or speech accompanying it
What is a blunted affect?
disturbance in affect manifested by a severe reduction in the intensity or externalized feeling tone
What is a restricted or constricted affect?
reduction in the intensity of externalized feeling tone
What is a flat affect?
absence or near absence of any signs of affective expression; voice monotonous, face immobile
What is pressured speech?
rapid speech that is increased in amount and difficult to interrupt
What is a hallucination?
- false sensory perception not associated with real external stimuli;
- there may or may not be a delusional interpretation of the hallucinatory experience
What is a mood congruent hallucination
- hallucination in which the content is consistent with either a manic or depressed mood;
e. g. the manic patient would hear voices saying the patient is of inflated worth, power, and knowledge
What is a mood in-congruent hallucination?
hallucination in which the content is not consistent with either a depressed or manic mood
What is a command hallucination?
false perception of orders that a person may feel obliged to obey or unable to resist (often dangerous)
What is an illusion?
misperception or misinterpretation of real external sensory stimuli
What is dissociation?
defense mechanism involving the segregation of any group of mental or behavioral processes from the rest of the person’s psychic activity
What is a thought process?
the flow of one idea to another in a logical process
What is circumstantiality?
- indirect speech that is delayed in reaching the point but eventually gets from the original point to the desired goal;
- characterized by an over inclusion of details and parenthetical remarks
What is tangentiality?
- inability to have goal directed associations of thought;
- speaker never gets from desired point to desired goal
What is perseveration?
- persisting response to a previous stimulus after a new stimulus has been presented;
- often associated with cognitive disorders
What is loosening of associations?
- flow of thought in which ideas shift from one subject to another in a completely unrelated way;
- when severe, speech may be incoherent
What is a flight of ideas?
- rapid, continuous verbalizations or plays on words produce constant shifting from one idea to another;
- ideas tend to be connected but too fast for the listener to comprehend
What is thought content?
-the reality drawn conclusions arising in thoughts
What is a delusion?
a fixed false belief, based on incorrect inference about external reality, not consistent with the patient’s intelligence and cultural background, cannot be corrected by reasoning.
What is an obsession?
pathological persistence of an irresistible thought or feeling that cannot be eliminated from consciousness by logical effort, associated with anxiety
What is a compulsion?
- pathological need to act on an impulse that, if resisted, produces anxiety;
- repetitive behavior in response to an obsession or performed according to certain rules
What is amnesia?
- partial or total inability to recall past experiences;
- may be medical or emotional in origin
What is anterograde amnesia?
amnesia for events occurring after a point in time
What is retrograde amnesia?
amnesia for events occurring before a point in time
