intro to assistive devices Flashcards

1
Q

discuss the use of parallel bars

A

most table assistive device

for initial amb training to make pt aware of good standing posture

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2
Q

parameters of use of parallel bars

A

pt should have standing and amb balance and tolerance

elbows at 20-30° flexion and height of bar at greater troch

bar should be 2 inches lateral to greater troch and 6 in anterior

instruct pt to push down no to pull on the bars

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3
Q

discuss the use of walkers

A

progression of parallel bars and is used to widen BOS

gives lateral and anterior stab = 75% walker and 25% pt effort

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4
Q

parameters of use of walkers

A

pt is able to maneuver in parallel bars and has good standing balance and tolerance

elbows at 20-30° flexion and height of bar at greater troch

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5
Q

discuss wheeled walkers

A

allows cont walking since wheels on ant part - mob > stab

for pt c difficulty initiating movement - brady, apraxia

not for pts with postural instab and parkinsons

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5
Q

discuss folding or collapsible walkers

A

easily stored but sacrifices stab - mob > stab

pt must have good standing balance, tolerance and stab

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6
Q

discuss stair climbing walkers

A

descent: anterior leg longer

ascent: ant leg shorter

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7
Q

discuss reciprocal walkers

A

allows advancement of one side - mimics reciprocal gait pattern

requires 3/5 iliopsoas

however it eliminates arm swing and not good on stairs

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8
Q

discuss hemi walkers

A

use of one UE only - for stroke pts

more stable than quad cane however weight of pt may not be centered over walker

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9
Q

discuss walker gait pattern in NWB

A

walker moved forward - moved bad leg forward but do not step - step with good leg - repeat

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10
Q

discuss walker gait pattern in PWB

A

walker moved forward - moved bad leg forward but step partially only and use walker for most of weight - step with good leg - repeat

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11
Q

discuss walker gait pattern in FWB

A

walker moved forward - moved 1st or weaker leg forward - step with 2nd or stronger leg - repeat

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12
Q

discuss the use of axillary crutches

A

progression form walker - good to normal balance and tolerance and can accept challenge when standing

50% from crutches and 50% from pt

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13
Q

parameters for axillary crutches

A

20-30° elbow flexion

pt height - 16 in or pt height x 77%

base of axilla to 2 in lateral of foot or axilla then lateral to heel 6-8 in while supine

L method

should be 2 in lateral and 6 in ant from foot

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14
Q

discuss the use of forearm crutches

A

for pts with considerable mob and mod stab - faster to amb than axillary

SCI pts with no UE weakness

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15
Q

parameters for forearm crutches

A

1-1.5 in below olecranon

should be 2 in lateral and 6 in ant from foot

16
Q

disadvantage of axillary crutches

A

prolonged leaning on axillary bar = damage to axillary artery or radial nerve

WB should be on grab bar not axillary

17
Q

importance of proper crutch length

A

too low → too much trunk flexion

too high - trunk ext and compression in axillary space

18
Q

discuss use of forearm platform crutch

A

for pt unable to WB through hands - RA, wounds, burns of hand

19
Q

crutch tips measurement

A

rubber - 1.5 in in diameter

20
Q

discuss use of canes

A

for pts c much improved balance - highest progression

25% cane and 75% from pt

usually used to relieve pain lng

21
Q

parameters for cane

A

20-30° elbow flexion and 2 in lateral to greater troch and 6 in anterior

22
Q

discuss wood or aluminum cane

A

adjustable with push pin lock

23
Q

discuss standard cane

A

J-point or C-chaped handle

J - more stable than C d/t angulation of J that balanced GRF

24
discuss quad cane
4 contact points - more stab but slows gait quad to single cane SBQC or WBQC
25
discuss 4 point gait pattern
(B) canes or crutches, reciprocal walker (R) AD - (L) LE - (L) AD - (R) LE
26
discuss 2 point gait pattern
(B) canes or crutches, reciprocal walker (R) AD and (L) LE - (L) AD and (R) LE
27
discuss 3 point gait pattern (NWB)
(B) crutches or walker (B) AD and NWB LE - FWB LE
28
discuss 3-1 point gait pattern (PWB)
(B) cane or crutches, walker (B) AD and PWB LE - FWB LE
29
discuss modified 4 point gait pattern
one cane or crutch on contra of bad leg bad leg - good leg - AD -
30
discuss modified 2 point gait pattern
one cane or crutch on contra of bad leg AD and bad leg - good leg
31
discuss gait in stair climbing
ascent: good LE - AD - bad LE descent: AD - bad LE - good LE
32
discuss guarding in stair climbing
ascent: PT is posterolat of involved descent: PT is anterolat of involved
33
discuss guarding in level surface
posterolat of involved