Intro Study guide Flashcards
macros
contain energy
- fat, protein, carbs
- usually required in gram amounts
micros
- vitamins and minerals
- trace elements are included in minerals
- consumed in miligrams
conditionally essential nutrients
- becomes essential due to alterations in requirements
- or loss induced by illness, treatment of illness, or restrictive diets
food records
- diaries kept by patients
- best clinical method for assessment because it not only gives what they eat but also why
recalls
-patient is asked to recall what was eaten in the last 2 hours
FFQ’s food frequency questionnaires
- how often foods were consumed over long time (months to a year)
- more accurate for micronutrient intake than energy intake
- used for research
biomarkers
-fatty acid composition of the cell membrane
appearance and disappearance
data for food supply
what are the two national surveys used to assess intake, body weight, and nutrition related outcomes
- national health and nutrition examination surveys (NHANES)
- behavioral risk factor surveillance system (BRFSS)
national health and nutrition examination surveys NHANES
-conducted in person
behavioral risk factor surveillance survey BRFSS
conducted by phone
- some data is validated but there may be some self report bias to consider since it is not in person
- not as reliable as the NHANES
what are the two national systems for dietary guidance
- dietary reference intake
- dietary guidelines for americans
dietary reference intake
- provide recommendations for intake of specific nutrients and water
- shown as either the recommended dietary allowance RDA or the adequate intake AI
RDA vs AI
- RDA represents stronger scientific evidence than does AI
- RDA is the amount that has been estimated to maintain sufficiency in 97-98% of the population
dietary guidelines for americans
-advice to promote health, prevent disease, and serves as the basis for federal food assistance programs such as assistance to women, infants, and children (WIC)
what is the main message of the 2010 DGA
- reduce overweight and obesity by reducing calorie intake and increase activity
- shift to more plant based diet
- more whole and less refined grain
- more seafood
- reduce sodium, solid fats, ad added sugars
- meet 2008 physical activity guidelines for america
