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2a RRS > intro immunology > Flashcards

intro immunology Flashcards

1
Q

innate vs adaptive immunity

A 
innate = present at birth  non specific and no memory
annate = build up over time specific and memory
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2
Q

what makes up the adaptive immune systemn

A 
antigen presenting cells
major histocompatibility complex
t helper cells
cytotoxic t cells
b cell
antibodies
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3
Q

is humoral associated with extra or intra cellular antigens

A

humoral = b cell

assos with extracellular antigens

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4
Q

is cell mediated associated with extra or intra cellular antigens

A

assos with intracellular antigens

= t cells

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5
Q

examples of antigen presenting cells that present antigens to t cells

A

macrophages
dendritic cells
b cells

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6
Q

what are major histocompatiibilyt complkexes

A 
proteins that mark a cell as self 
class 1 - all cells
class 2 = certain immune cells - antigen presenting cells
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7
Q

what are t helper cells

A

stim proliferation of other t cells and stim b cells to produce antibodies - CD4 - extrinsic antigen

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8
Q

what are cytotoxic t cells

A

cd8
destroy infected body cells by apoptosis
class 1 MHC
intrinsic antigen

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9
Q

what are b cells

A

they regognise soluble antigens in the blood =
travel to lymph nodes
prliferate (clonal expanstion
defferentiate - plasma cells or mem b cells

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10
Q

what is IgM

A

first response to antigen

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11
Q

what is IgG

A

most common form and can cross the placenta - passive immunity

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12
Q

what is IgA

A

secreted from mucus membranes

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13
Q

what is IgE

A

histamine reactions and allergies (mast cells basophils)

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14
Q

what is IgD

A

b cell activation cant cross placenta

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15
Q

what is hypersensitivyt

A

extreme physcial sensitoivoty to particular substances of conditions e.g anaphylaxis

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16
Q

what is immunodeficiency

A

where immune systems ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent (HIV myeloma leukaemia)

17
Q

what is autoimmunity

A

system of immune responses of an organism against its own healthy cells and tissues (IBD, diabetes)

18
Q

what is heavily involved in allergies and hypersensitivy

A

igE - expressed heavily on mast cells

19
Q

what is the process of histamine relase

A

person comes into contact with allergen - binds to IgE on surface of mast cells - cross llinking of IgE causes activation of mast cell and histamine relaese

20
Q

triggers of anaphylaxisis

A

pollen house dust mites animal fur foods

21
Q

hypersesnitivity type 1

A

A - I - Allergy - atopy anaphylaxosis - fast mediated by IgE

22
Q

hypersensitivity type 2

A

B - 11 - antiBody dependent - graves goodpastures - IgM or IgG

23
Q

hypersensitivyt type 3

A

C - III - immune Complex - RA SLE - IgG depositied in vessel walls

24
Q

hypersensitivity type 4

A

D - IV - Delayed - MS coeliac - slow as takes time for t cells to come in

2a RRS (26 decks)

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