Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2a RRS > drugs > Flashcards

drugs Flashcards

1
Q

under 55 not black HTN

A

give them ACEi

ramipril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

over 55 htn

A

give CCB
amlodipine
nifedipine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

under 55 black htn

A

CCB
amlodipine
nifedipine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

e.g of CCB

A

amlodipine

nifedipine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

e.g of ACEi

A

ramipril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SE of ACEi

A

dry cough - bradykinin accumulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2nd line of HTN over 55

A
    • CCB

2. CCB+ ACEi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

3rd line

A

A+C+D

add thiazide like duiretic (indapamide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

4th line

A

A+C+D+ more D
or a diff D
or add an alpha or beta blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is it called when you have given ACEi CCB and Diuretic and still cant control HTN

A

resistant HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

e.g of alpha blocker for resistent HTN

A

doxazosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

e.g of duiretic used in HTN mangaement

A

thiazide like duiretic = indapamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when would you use ARB in HTN management

A

instead of ACEi if contraindicated

e.g candesartan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

e.g of ARB

A

candesartan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is an aldsoterone antagonsit used for

A

increase sodium and water excretion and potassium retention in DCT -
used in fluid – ascites oedema in liver cirrohoiss = SPIRONOLACTONE
chronic heart failure - alongside BBs or ACEi or ARB
in conns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is an example of aldosterone antagonist

A

spironolactone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

side effect of aldosterone anatgonist

A

hyperkalcaeimiea – arrythmias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CI of aldosterone antagonists

A

hyperkalcaemia

Addisons (low cortisol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

e.g of a alpha blocker

A

doxazosin

tamulosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what does alpha blockers do

A

block alpha 1 adreno receptors in smooth muscle inducing relaxation == vasodilation
reduced resistance to bladder outflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what condition are alpha blockers used in

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia
tamulosin (alpha 1 antagonist)
AND resistant hypertension(doxazosin only)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does ACEi do

A

blocks ACE so prevents the conversion of angiotension 1 to angiotensin 2. lowers perpipheral vasc resistance - especially efferent glomerular arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

side effect of ramipril

A

=ACEi
SE= hypOtension
dry cough
hyperkalaemia as low aldosterone promotes aldosterone secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is an angiotensin receptor blocker

A

blcoks angiotensin 2 action of the AT1 receptor = reduces periph vasc resistance
reduces aldosterone lever
promotes sdium and water excretion lowering venous preload

25
Q

when are ACEi and ARBs used

A 
HTN
CHF - ACEi first ARBs next
IHD
Diabetic neuropathy 
and CKD with proteinuria
26
Q

side effect of ARBs

A

renal failure - renal artery stenosis

27
Q

CI of ARBs and ACEi

A

renal artery stenosis
AKI
pregnacny

28
Q

betablocker examples

A

bisoprolol (B1)
atenolol (middle)
propanolol (non selective)

29
Q

what do beta blcokers do (b1)

A

block the b1 adrenergic receptor located in heart
reduces force of contraction and speed of conduction
releives cardiac ischaemia
prolongs AV node refractory period
reduces renin secretion by b1 recep in kidney

30
Q

when BB used

A 
IHD - 1st line - improves angina prognosis 
CHF - 1st line
AF-1st line
SVT -
HTN - when CCBs and ACEi inapp
31
Q

SE of BB

A

headache

nausea

32
Q

contraindication of BBs

A

asthma - blocks b2 airway receptors - broncho spasm therefore chose cardioselectvie BBs

33
Q

what antiarythmic class is BBs

A

class 2

34
Q

whats a calcium cahnnel blocker 2 types

A

dihydropyridines

non dihydropyridines

35
Q

e.g of ccbs

A

dihydropyrodines - nifedipine = vascualr selective

non dihydropyridines - verapamil - heart selective

36
Q

what does verapamil do

A

supress cardiacc conduction of heart. blocks calcium channels reducing heart rate and oxygen demans

37
Q

what does nifedipine do

A

decreaes calcium entry uno vascualrr and cardiac cells - vasodilation = lowers bp

38
Q

SE of ccb

A 
ankle oedema (due to vasodilation)
headache
39
Q

when is CCB CI

A 
unstable angina
aortic stenosis (severe)
40
Q

what class antiarthymic is CCB

A

4

41
Q

what is adenosine

A

1st line of supraventric tachycardias (AF and ATRIAL FLUTTER)
stable angina = 2nd line
activates adenosine receptors in heart - slows sinus rhymthim

42
Q

what is SE of adenosine

A

bradycardia

43
Q

who CI in adenosine

A

assthma and COPD as broncho spasm

44
Q

what is amiodarone

A

blocks K Na Ca channels prolonging repolarization
anatgonises alpha and beta adreno receptors
interferes with AV nodal conduction

45
Q

when is amiodarone used

A 
tachyarrythnmias 
AF Atrial flutter
SVT
VT
refractory VF
(when electriccal defib inapporporiate)
46
Q

SE of amiodarone

A

hypOtension

47
Q

what is an example of a fibrolytic drug

A

alteplase

48
Q

what does alteplase fo

A

catayses conversoion of plasminogen to plasmin - dissolves fibrinous clots == allows reperfusion

49
Q

when would u use alteplase

A

1st line in ISCHAEMIC stokes WITHIN 4.5hrs
actue STEMI within 12hrs with antiplatelets and anticoag 2nd line to PCI
massive pulmonary embolism

50
Q

SE of alteplase

A

bruising

N+V

51
Q

CI of alteplase

A

recent haemorrage trauma or surgey
bleeding disorders
HAEMORRHAGIC STROKE (hence CT scan first)

52
Q

what is digoxin

A

negatively chronotropic
positive inotropic
indirectily increased vagal tone
inhib Na/K ATPase causeing Na to accumulate increasing contractile force

53
Q

when use digoxin?

A

atrial fib and flutter
2nd line to BB and CCB
severe Heart failure 3rd to ACEi BB etc

54
Q

nitrates examples

A

glycerol trinitrate = short acting

55
Q

what are nitrates

A

converted to nitric oxide – increases cGMP synth - reduces smooth muscle intracell Ca = relaxation
venous and arteral vasoldilation

56
Q

when is nitrate used

A

stable angian and ACS
angina prophylaxis
pulmonary oedema - plus furosemide and oxygen

57
Q

what is furosemide

A

loop diuretic

58
Q

SE of nitrates

A

flushing
headache
hypotension

59
Q

who is CI for nitrate use

A

severe aortic stenosis - cardiovascualr collapse as cant comp for the dilated vasculature

2a RRS (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions