Intro & Engagement Flashcards
Engagement:
Metrics perspective
How much interaction does the user have with the product and how long (website engagement measured with clicks/likes/comments, sharing behaviour, returning users, time spent on website etc)
Engagement:
Cognitive psychological perspective
Describing and understanding the experience of engagement
State of mind and what it relates to
User engagament
(New) media, marketing, computer mediated environment
State of mind and what it relates to:
Flow
Any activity
State of mind and what it relates to:
Immersion
Games, storytelling, VR
State of mind and what it relates to
Presence
VR
(Cognitive) absorption
Technology use
State of mind and what it relates to
Transportation
Fictional narratives
State of mind and what it relates to
Narrative engagement
Visual narratives, movies, tv shows
State of mind and what it relates to
Identification
With a fictional character
Reasons why we care about engagament
1 repeated activity 2 enjoyment 3 positive attitudes, loyalty 4 enhanced learning outcomes 5 enhanced performance 6 sharing, recommending, adding, liking, posting
Usability
Assess whether user interface is easy to use and meets requirements (effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction)
UX
Understanding the deeper, personal experience of the user (affect/emotion, fun, exciting, motivations, attitudes, attention, engagement)
Flow definitions
State of a holistic sensation that people feel when they act with total involvement, feel at their best, perform their best -
Aka
Optimal experience of engagement to an activity
All cognitive, affective and physical systems are dedicated to the same task and goal
Flow balance
Flow can be reached when there is enough balance between challenge of the task en skill of the performer
Flow balance chart
Low skill + high challenge = anxiety
Low skill + low challenge = apathy
High skill + low challenge = relaxation or boredom
High skill + high challenge = flow
Typical flow features (9)
1 Challenge-skill balance 2 clear goals 3 unambiguous/immediate feedback 4 concentration 5 sense of control 6 loss of self consciousness 7 transformation of time 8 action awareness merging (auto pilot, effortless) 9 autotelic experience (intrinsically rewarding)
PAT model (antecedent factors)
Person, artifact and task lead to FLOW
PAT model: person traits and states
Traits:
1 Autotelic personality (intrinsic motivation, some people are more moved by this than others)
2 inherent exploratory behavior
3 personal innovativeness (willing to try new tech)
4 cognitive spontaneity
5 trait of absorption
6 media and literacy skills
State: 1 mood 2 motivation 3 arousal 4 focus
PAT Model: artefact traits
Aesthetics
Vividness (breadth or number of senses, multimodality)
Speed of feedback/responsiveness > allows to maintain focused attention
PAT model: task traits
Goal oriented vs exploratory tasks
Autonomy
Variety
PAT interactions
Task-technology fit (task*artefact)
Clear task goals (person* task)
Sense of control over task (person*task)
Sense of control over artefact (artefact*person)
Perceived easy of use (person*artefact)
More complex tasks perceived ease personartefacttask)
Balance between skills and challenge (person*task)
Operalization
Converting fuzzy concepts to empirical measures
Self report biases
Social desirability
After-the-effect
