Intro Flashcards
what is the main difference between personality psych and social psych?
personality focuses on the person as the locus of explanation, while social focuses on the situation as the locus of explanation
what does interactionism refer to? what is the formula for it?
the belief that thoughts, feelings and actions are products of the interactions between persons and situations, that both contribute…
x = f(P,S)
what is conspecific?
things of the same species
what does the term social pertain to?
other people
what is the broad definition of social psych?
scientific study of human mind in the social context
what does social content refer to?
other people as the content of psychological processes
what are social processes?
other people as sources of influence on our T, F and B
who theorised the crowd mind and when?
plato, 4 BC
when did social psych as an empirical domain emerge?
late 19th century
who created the first psych lab, and what did he focus on?
wundt, introspectionism
who focused on behaviourism, and what is the primary focus of this approach? eg?
Watson and skinner
stimulus - response… pavlov’s dog
when did psych (general) start to think of the mind as a computer? and what is the term for this?
1950’s/60’s
cognitive revolution
what is the key focus of big data ?
the volume that can be obtained, and that fact that the data is naturally created, eg twitter posts
what was an initial experiment/theory of social psych, and when did this take place?
social facilitation where people went faster on bikes in a race compared to racing the clock … late 19th century
what main study came out of WW1 and inter war period?
groups and attitudes
what main study came out of WWII
migration, social influence and practical problems, persuasion etc
what is the replication crisis?
where a few established theories that were largely believed to be true came out with opposing results… some were legit and some were sham
what are the 3 aspects of centre for open science?
open data, preregistered, open materials
who conducted the “they saw a game” case study
Hastrof and Cantril
what is the main theory to come from the they saw a game case study?
that there is no such thing as a game existing out there in its own right that people merely observe… we interpret what we see, nothing that we see is exactly as it is
what are some key things that influence our perception of the world (according to the key reading)
identities, beliefs, attitudes, values
what is the second core tenet that book proposes?
that social influence is powerful and pervasive and that other people influence what we think, feel and do.
what are 3 core motivations that are discussed?
strive for mastery, seeking connectedness and “valuing me and mine”
what does strive for mastery refer to?
people seek to understand and predict events in the social world in order to obtain rewards… eg understanding, control, seeking meaning
what does seeking connectedness involve?
people seek support and acceptance from the groups they value, sense of belonging, relatedness and trust
what does valuing me and mine refer to?
desire of people to see themselves and groups they are in, in a positive light, feelings of self enhancement and positive self esteem
what are the 3 core processing principals?
conservatism, accessibility and processing depth
what do the core precessing principals refer to?
how we process things
core processing principal: conservatism, what does it suggest?
first impressions count, once we are entrenched in a belief it takes a lot to push us out of it… aka beliefs and opinions are slow to change
core processing principal: accessibility, what does it suggest?
most accessible info has the most impact on thoughts, feelings and actions
core processing principal: processing depth, what does it suggest? eg?
sometimes we process info deeply, sometimes we process it in a shallow way
eg. system 1 v system 2
what is construct validity?
the extent to which manipulations and measures correspond to theoretical constructs
what is internal validity?
the extent to which causal inference (IV impacts DV) is justified… aiming to omit extraneous variables
what is external validity?
extent to which experimental results can be generalised to other people, places, times and settings
how can construct validity be achieved?
selecting appropriate measures, using multiple measures
how can internal validity be achieved?
manipulation and random assignment
how can external validity be achieved?
appropriate sampling and research design
