intro

Question 1

Biology is the study of what/?

Answer 1

living things

Question 2

biology as a term was coined by who?

Answer 2

french scientist Lamarck in 1802

Question 3

What are the two branches of biology in early times?

Answer 3

medicine and natural history

Question 4

The diciplins of history attempt to understand what?

Answer 4

human past

Question 5

What are the subdivisions of history?

Answer 5

History of geographical or political entities 
Political history 
Military history 
Economic history 
Biography

Question 6

What is historiography?

Answer 6

history of history how people interpret the past

Question 7

intellectual history can be understood on the basis of two kinds of factors what are they?

Answer 7

internal and external factors

Question 8

whig interpretation of history is what?

Answer 8

a process leading to one point that is now

Question 9

Who coined the term “biology”? What other terms did he come up with?

Answer 9

Lamarck, who also came up with “invertebrate” and “biosphere”.

Question 10

Before quite recently, how was the study of living things divided?

Answer 10

Divided into the separate fields of medicine and natural history.

Question 11

What extra knowledge was required of physicians in the past that isn’t required today?

Answer 11

Botanical expertise (for use in medicine).

Question 12

What were the 8 distinct subdivisions of historical study mentioned in lecture?

Answer 12

1. Geographical
2. Political
3. Military
4. Economic
5. Biographical
6. Artistic
7. Cultural/Societal
8. Intellectual (this is us!)

Question 13

What term is used to describe the subdivision of history which studies the history of historical record?

Answer 13

Historiography

Question 14

What 2 approaches are necessary for the study of intellectual history?

Answer 14

1. Internal approach: know ideas, make connections

2. External approach: know the social milieu which led to the ideas

Question 15

What 5 main reasons were given as motivations for studying history?

Answer 15

1. Intellectual curiosity
2. Expand imagination
3. Guide future actions
4. Connect with the past
5. Guilty pleasure (only you Greg)

Question 16

What 2 noteworthy political figures were talked about in lecture as being well versed in history?

Answer 16

Joseph Stalin (founder of USSR) and Winston Churchill (British PM during WW2).

Question 17

What is meant by the “Whig interpretation of history”?

Answer 17

The tendency to see history as a process leading to a pinnacle of development (usually the current time).

Question 18

What is a commonly used, but flawed approach to historical study?

Answer 18

Look at past ideas from modern perspective. Old ideas may seem dumb, but many arose from logical reasoning based on their understanding at the time.

Question 19

What 4 general questions are at the root of biological inquiry?

Answer 19

1. What living things are in the world?
2. Where do organisms come from?
3. How do organisms work?
4. Why do offspring resemble their parents? Why are they different?

Question 20

What 3 main factors have held scientists back from answering the question of “what living things are there in the world?”?

Answer 20

1. Duplicates are common, and other categorization problems have arisen.
2. Lack of evidence for discoveries
3. Theology worked against science for a long time