Intro Flashcards
The Classical Cognitive Approach Involves 3 things:
- MEASURING observable behaviour
- Making INFERENCES about underlying cognitive activity
- CONSIDERING what this behaviour says about how the mind works
Reliability
whether or not you’re getting consistent results
Validity
whether or not your test/experimenting is measuring what it’s supposed to measure
Behaviourism
study of psychology through directly observable behaviour
classical conditioning
Unconditioned stimulus paired with natural response stimulus = conditioned stimulus
Pavlov’s dog
Baby Albert Scared of Fluffiness
operant conditioning
token economy - reward and punishment -> behaviour is shaped by reinforcement
Parsimony
identifying the most simple and accurate explanations for human behaviour
in defense of cognitivism (2)
- mental processes can be studied scientifically - just needs good experiment ideas (for empirical evidence)
- need to know what’s happening in head to explain behaviour - > it goes both ways
Stimulus-response
if all they’ve ever learned is this specific thing, do this to get reward, they’ll keep doing it
- kinda the opposite of critical thinking, just doing what you know worked in the past
Cognitive map
mental representation of spatial environment
Latent learning
learning without reinforcement
Skinner language acquisition theory
behaviourist -> operant conditioning -> babies say words -> get rewarded with praise from adults
Chomsky language acquisition theory
- language can come from inborn biological programming
Paradigm shift
major change in scientific perspective/major scientific breakthrough- eg: people thinking the earth was the centre of the universe to people realizing the earth revolved around the sun
Information processing approach
way to study mind by comparing it to a computer
Eg: the way computers have capacity limits, can’t open too many apps at once, can’t download too much, etc.
