Intrinsic Foot muscles Flashcards
What are the dorsal aspects of intrinsic muscles
Extensor digitorum Brevis
Extensor Hallucis brevis
What do dorsal aspects of intrinsic muscles do
assist some of the extrinsic muscles in their actions.
What nerve runs through the dorsal aspects of intrinsic muscles
deep Fibular nerve
Where is extensor digitorum brevis
deep to the tendos of the extensor digitorum longus (metatarsal 2, 3, 4)
Where is extensor hallucis brevis
medial to extensor digitorum longus and lateral to extensor hallucis longus
How many in the Plantar aspect of Intrinsic muscles (sole of foot)
10
How many layers in plantar layer
4
What do the plantar layer muscles do
Stabilize the arches of the foot and individually control the movements of the digits
Which nerve innervates the plantar layer
Tibial nerve
How many name the muscles in the first layer (most superficial)
3
Abductor hallucis
Abductor digiti Minimi pedis
Flexor Digorum Brevis
Describe abductor hallucis
located on medial side of sole, where it contributes to small soft tissue bulge
Describe abductor digiti minimi pedis
lateral side of foot. small soft tissue bulge on lateral side
Describe flexor digtorum brevis
center of sole, between two abductors
How many and Name second layer of plantar miscles
2
Quadratus plantae muscle
Lumbricals
Describe quadratus plantae muscle
proximal to flexor digitorum longus tendos. accessory muscle to toe flexion
Describe lumbricals
there are 4 and they flex and adduct the lateral four toes at the metatarsophlangeal joints and extend them at the interphalangeal joints. Contribute to balance of foot while walking
How many and name third layer of plantar muscles
3
Flexor Hallucis brevis
Flexor digiti minimi pedis
Adductor hallucis
Which muscles are associated with big toe?
Flexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis
Which toe does Flexor digiti minimi pedis move
little toe
Describe Flexor hallucis brevis
located on medial side of foot. splits into two distal tendons that attach on proximal phalanx and sesamoids of big toe
Descrbe flexor digiti minimi pedis
on lateral side of foot
Describe adductor hallucis
lateral to flexor hallucis brevis. Consists of an oblique and transverse head
What is in the 4th layer of plantar
2 muscles
plantar interossei
dorsal iterossie
How many plantar interossei and describe
three which originate on medial aspect of metatarsals 3-5. They adduct the toes PAD-plantar adduct
How many dorsal interossi
4 abduct metatarophalangeal kjoints of 3rd and 4th toes. DAB-plantar abduct. Also a pair attachced to both sides of 2nd toe;
Which toe is midline of foot
2nd
What kind of morphology does plantar interossi have?
unipennate
what kind of morphology does dorsal interossei have
bipennate
What helps keep the extrinsic muscles of the ankle in place?
extensor retinaculum, flexor retinaculum and fibula retinacukum
What does the extensor retinaculum hold?
anterior compartment muscles
Where is the superior extensor retinaculum
runs anteriorly from fibula to tibia
where is inferior extensor retinaculum
Y shaped and runs from calcaneus on lateral side of foot to medial malleolus (tibia0/ and from calcaneus to medial aspect of plantar aponeurosis
Where is and what does the flexor retinaculum do
runs from medial malleolus to calcaneus. Holds TDH muscles
Where is and what does the superior fibula retinaculum do
Superior runs from lateral malleolus to calcaneus
Where is and what does the inferior fibula retinaculum do
Runs between two parts of calcaneus and holds fibularis muscles