Intravenous Fluids

Question 1

What is the average daily water intake??

Answer 1

2.5L

Question 2

What percentage of daily Sodium intake is excreted in Urine???

Answer 2

95%
Some lost via sweat and lungs

Question 3

What concentration of glucose is iso-osmotic with 0.9% Saline?

Answer 3

5% can haemolyse Blood Cells
10% is Hypotonic Glucose (Hypoglycaemia)

Question 4

What percentage of administered volume of NaCl 0.9% is retained within vascular space?

Answer 4

20% NaCl
80% Colloids
5-7% Glucose
Increase retained if speed increased

Question 5

What is the normal range for the concentration of chloride in plasma (Units in mmol/L)

Answer 5

95-105mmol/L

Question 5

Which major cation is in extracellular space??

Answer 5

Sodium (Extracellular)
Potassium (Intracellular)

Question 6

What is the major use of intravenous Glucose 5%

Answer 6

to deliver water intravenously
Not enough to treat hypoglycaemia (10%)

Question 7

What is concentration of potassium in 250mL bag of 0.9% saline containing 20mmol of Potassium Chloride

Answer 7

80mmol/L in 250mL bag
4x concentration in relation to bag size
20mmol/L in 1L bag

Question 8

What is maximum IV infusion rate of potassium delivered by peripheral line???

Answer 8

10mmol/Hour

Question 9

What are symptoms used to detect hypovolemia?

Answer 9

Low BP
Elevated Plasma Urea
HR > 90bpm
RR > 20 breaths per minute

Question 10

What solution is used to prevent hypoglycaemia when insulin is used to treat hyperkalaemia??

Answer 10

Hypertonic Glucose–
Prevent insulin altering blood sugar