Intracranial venous thrombosis Flashcards
what are the risk factors for intracranial venous thrombosis?
similar to risk factors for venous thromboembolism;
- pregnancy & postpartum period
- OCP
- female
- pro thrombotic haematological malignancies
- systemic disease (dehydration, sepsis)
how does a venous sinus thrombosis typically present?
presentation variable but may present with;
- headache
- confusion / drowsiness
- nausea/vomiting
- changes in vision
what signs on examination could you find in a patient with venous sinus thrombosis?
papiloedema
focal neurological signs
seizure
decreasing conscious level
what imaging modality would you request for diagnosis of suspected intracranial venous thrombosis?
non-contrast CT head
what would a non-contrast CT show indicative of intracranial venous thrombosis?
hyper density of the area affected
what is the role of a CT venogram in diagnosis of a intracranial venous thrombosis?
used to look for a filing defect - ‘empty defat sign’
What does the ‘empty delta sign’ indicate?
What imaging modality would you find this sign?
indicates a filling defect in the superior sagittal sinus
found on CT venogram
how is an intracranial venous thrombosis managed?
LMWH i.e. Apixiban
manage risk factors
what is the presentation of a cavernous sinus thrombosis?
chemosis
exophthalmos
peri-orbital swelling
