Intracranial hemorrhage Flashcards
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
Associated with cerebral arteriovenous malformations
Subarachnoid and intraparenchymal hemorrhage
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
Commonly presents with headache and lethargy in a patient with focal motor and sensory defects
Intraparenchymal hemorrhage
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
Commonly caused by ruptured berry aneurysm; classically presents as “the worst headache or my life”
subarachnoid hemorrahge
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
Hematoma following the contour of a cerebral hemisphere on CT; due to laceration of bridging cerebral veins
Subdural hematoma
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
Lens-shaped hematoma on CT scan; due to laceration of middle meningeal artery due to fracture of the temporal bone
Epidural hematoma
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
Lumbar puncture (LP) must be performed in a patient with suspected intracranial hemorrhage even if CT scan is negative.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
Lucid interval followed by rapid decline in mental status
Epidural hematoma
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
May present with meningeal signs, CN palsies, seizures, and focal neurologic signs; bloody or xanthochromic CSF on LP
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (secondary to ruptured aneurysm)
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
Most common type of intracranial hemorrhage from trauma
Subdural hematoma (commonly seen in alcoholics and the elderly)
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
Treated with emergent neurosurgical evacuation
Epidural hematoma (and subdural hematoma >1 cm or with midline shift)
Name the type of intracranial hemorrhage associated with the following features:
Type of intracranial hemorrhage seen in patients with long-standing, poorly controlled hypertension
Intraparenchymal hemorrhage
What is the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Trauma
What is the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage in a patient with a negative cerebral angiogram?
Perimesencephalic hemorrhage (due to rupture of perimesencephalic veins)
Name a vascular complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage that may cause cerebral ischemia:
Vasospasm (peak incidence 6-8 days after hemorrhage)
Name four connective tissue disorders associated with an increased risk of cerebral aneurysms:
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- Polycystic kidney disease
- Marfan’s syndrome
- Coarctation of the Aorta
Name the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage in IV drug users:
Ruptured mycotic aneurysms (usually in MCA distribution)
What are the two classes of treatment for ruptured cerebral aneurysms?
- Surgical aneursym clipping
- Endovascular aneurysm embolization
Name the disorer characterized by recurrent ishcemic or hemorrahgec strokes due to progresive idiopathic internal carotic artery stenosis
Moyamoya disease
What is the characteristic finding of moyamoya disease on cerebral angiogram?
“Puff of smoke”: due to formation of collateral cerebral vessels originating from the lenticulostriate and thalamoperforating arteries
