brain tumors Flashcards
What are the three modalities used in the treatment of a brain tumor?
- Surgery
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
What are the most common types of brain tumors?
Metastatic Tumors
Brain Tumor with a 2-year survivial rate of 26.5% with standard therapy
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)
Benign tumor derive from arachnoid cap cells with well-delineated margins
Meningioma
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) +B-cell tumor fo the CNS in AIDS patients
CNS lymphoma
Malignant pediatric tumor found exclusively in the posterior fossa
Medulloblastoma (metastasixes through CSF pathways)
Most common pediatric intracranial tumor
juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma
Most common pediatric supratentorial tumor
Craniopharyngioma
Most common pituitary adenoma
Prolactinoma
Most common pituitary tumor
Pituitary adenoma
Most common primary brain tumor
Glioblastoma multiforme
Multiple lesions at presentation
CNS lymphoma, metastases
Small round blue cell tumor
Medulloblastoma
Tumor arising from ependymal lining of ventricular system that may cause spinal metastases
Ependymoma
Tumor characterized by highly malignant cells bordering necrotic areas
Glioblastoma multiforme
Tumor derived from Rathke pouch
Craniopharyngioma
Tumor fo the dorsal root that may grow in a dumbell configuration through a vertebral foramen
Schwannoma
Tumor which originates from the vestibular division of CN VIII
Schwannoma
Type of tumor that may be found bilaterally in patients with neurofibromatosis II
Acoustic neuroma/ Schwannoma
Vascular tumor of cerebellum and retina in patients with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome
Hemangioblastoma
Associated with loss of heterozygosity in chromosomes 1p and 19q that commonly presents with seizures
Oligodendroglioma
Tumor arising near foramen of Monro almost exclusively in patients with tuberous sclerosis
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma
Two tumors often presenting with bitemporal hemianopia
- Pituitary adenoma
- Craniopharyngioma
