Intolerance: Immigrants (The Red Scare) Flashcards
What were the relationship between immigrants?
French Canadians, Irish Americans and German Americans all fought for the best jobs and the best houses. While looking down on other Immigrants like Italian Americans.
What is Anarchy?
Anarchy: No ruler/government
What is Communism?
Communism: Equal allocation of all resources
What was Americans point of view?
Americans: Afraid of diluting true American (Anglo Saxon, white, european) nature. The idea of America being open to all immigrants was losing popularity. The Bolshevik Revolution increased the fear of communist and also immigrants
Who were Reds?
People with Un-American values were called ‘Reds’. These people were mostly immigrants.
What were immigrants restrictions?
1921, Republican President, Warren Hardings was elected president and passed the Quota Act. That year immigration was moved to 357,000 people. The figure was set at 3 percent in 1921 but dropped to 2 percent in 1924 of the 1859 census. More groups like the Northern europeans were allowed to enter as opposed to other places, asians were not allowed to enter.
How many strikes were there?
There were 3600 strikes including 400,000 workers.
What were radical bombing?
There were bombings in 1919 which destroyed some of Attorney General Mitchell Palmer, which elevated a lot of fear.
What were the Palmer Raids?
Mitchell Palmer went on a frenzy trying to round up as many communists as he could. Between 4000 and 6000 suspected communists were arrested, most of those arrested however were not communists.
Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?
Sacco and Vanzetti were Italian immigrants, accused of the murder of Fred Parmenter on the 5th of May 1920. They were self-confessed anarchists, hated capitalism and the American way of Government. Their trial lasted 45 days and they were tried before Judge Webster Thayer, the jury retired to consider their verdict on 14th of July in 1921 and came back the same day with a verdict of guilty. 107 people confirmed Sacco and Vanzetti’s alibi, most of them were Italians immigrants who could barely speak English, their case was taken to an appeal at higher court, it took six years but eventually they died on the electric chair on 24th of August 1927. In 1970, almost 50 years later, The Governor of Massachusetts granted Sacco and Vanzetti a formal pardon and accepted that a mistrial had taken place.
