Into To A&P 1 Flashcards
(39 cards)
What is anatomy?
The study of the structure of body parts and the relationship to each other
What is physiology?
The study of the function of the body
A&P are inseprable
Form dictates function
Necessary life functions
- Organization
- Movement
- Responsiveness
- Metabolism
- Growth, reproduction and development
Homeostasis
The ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions despite changes in the environment
Negative feedback system
Regulation of blood glucose
Regulation of body temperature
Positive feedback system
Formation of platelet plug during blood clotting
Labor enhancement of contractions by oxytocin
What is negative feedback system?
In these systems the output shuts off or reduces the activity of the original effect of the stimulus
Positive feedback system
- Response enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus
- May exhibit a cascade or amplifying effect
- Usually controls infrequent events that do not require adjustment
Regional terms
Designate specific body areas within major divisions
Directional terms
Explain where one body structure is in relation to another
Anatomical position
- Body erect
- feet slightly apart
-palms facing forward
. Thumbs point away from body
Two major divisions of the human body
- Axial division- head neck and trunk
- Appendicular division - limbs
Superior (cranial)
Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body above
Inferior (caudal)
Away from the head end toward the lower part of the body or below
Ventral (anterior)
Toward or at the front of the body; in front of
Dorsal (posterior)
Toward or at the back of the body; behind
Medial
Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
Lateral
Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
Intermediate
Between a more medial and more lateral structure
Proximal
Closer to the organ of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Distal
Farther from the origin of a body part or the paint of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Superficial (external)
Toward or at the body surface
Deep (internal)
Away from the body surface more internal