Into the 20th century Flashcards
Paul Ehrlich
Discovered first antibiotic (salvarsan) and helped found “chemo”-therapy (treatment of patient with a chemical).
-Specifically that cells have “receptors”
Gerhard Domagk
Invented sulfa drugs–prontosil– via azo dyes.
Alexander Fleming
Discovered penicillin, after he forgot to toss a few augur plates that had strep. He noticed that the penicillin mold cleared the plate. Demonstrated effectiveness against gram negative organisms.
Howard Florey
Australian.
- Discovered the work of Fleming, which went unnoticed for about 10 years.
- Isolated penicillin.
Selman Waksman
Soil microbiologist
Isolated actinomycin-antibiotic (“toxic as the dickens”).
-also discovered source of strepomycin to treat TB.
Werner Forssmann
Demonstrated cardiac catheterization on his own heart as a med student.
-eventually led to anatomic demonstration of coronary arteries and real time recordings of cardiac functions.
Andreas Gruentzig
Did first human coronary balloon angioplasty.
Sahachiro Hata
Discovered first antibiotic (salvarsan) and helped found “chemo”-therapy (treatment of patient with a chemical).
Salvarsan
First antibiotic invented by Ehrlich and Hata. Cured syphilis. Based on an arsenic molecule (and this quite toxic), and required large doses, but effective.
Prontosil
A red dye discovered by Domagk that cured mice injected with lethal numbers of streptococci.
-Acitve drug was sulfanilamide (know this)
Streptomycin
Discovered by Waksman, after he isolated actinomycin
Karcinos
“cancer” in Greek.. Known by Hippocrates. Discovered in the 20s that it is MANY distinct diseases, not one.
-THE modern disease in the 20th century.
Digitalis purpurea
first describes by william withering in 18th century
Nitrates
discovery in the 19th century for vasodilation
Diuretics
Grew out of the chemistry of color and sulfa antibiotics.
