Intestinal Immunity Flashcards
Where in/on the body are most microbes
Skin and GI tract
T/F we are 10% human and 90% microbial cell
True
T/F we are 1% human genes and 99% microbial genes
True
Where in the GI do we find most microbes
Large intestine
T/F about 25% of fecal material is microbial stuff
False (50%)
What does our microbiome digest
Indigestible plant fiber (into Short Chain FAs) and provides our Colonocytes 80% of their energy
How do we combat C diff
Fecal Microbiota Transplant
Is there communication between brain-gut-enteric microbiota
YES
how does the brain-gut-microbiota help us
reduce anxiety, stress and depression
what causes production of T reg cells
Short Chain Fatty acids, Butyrate, and healthy microbes
What are prebiotics
Foods we can eat that promote the good flora
What are probiotics
Live microorganisms which when administed in adequate amounts cn=onfer a helath benefit to the host
what foods naturally contain good bacteria
fermented foods
What is a list of things our microbiome does
- competes with pathogens
- produces vitamins (k)
- digests fiber
- talks to immune system
Where can you find non-inflammatory macrophages
in the Lamina propria of the gut
what makes these special macrophages non-inflammatory
- dont release a great deal of cytokines
- use “small attacks”
what does secretory IgA do in the gut
- neutralize invaders
- escort them back into the lumen of the gut
- dont cause inflammation
why doesnt Secretory IgA cause inflammation
dont have FC heavy chain receptors (they just neutralize not opsonize)
T/F default in the intestines is anti-inflammatory
True
intestinal epithelial cells produce what
TGFbeta -> iT reg
what does iTreg cells produce
IL-10, TGFbeta (anti-inflammatory)
TLRs on DCs bind specific bacteria in the gut and produce cytokines that what
calm the immune response
do DCs in the gut sample the lumen directly or indirectly
Directly
what on DCs detect flagella on pathogens
TLR5
