Intestinal Failure Flashcards
What is intestinal failure?
This is when there is inability to maintain adequate nutrition or fluid status via the intestines
How many types of intestinal failure are there?
3
Which categories can intestinal failure be grouped?
- Acute
- Chronic
Which types of intestinal failure are classed as acute?
Types 1 and 2
Which type of intestinal failure is classed as chronic?
Type 3
What is type 1 intestinal failure?
This is a self limiting condition caused by paralytic ileus
This is an obstruction of the intestine caused by paralysis, or due to recovery from an operation
How can secretions from the intestine be reduced?
Acid suppression - PPIs
Octreotide
Alpha hydroxycholecalciferol - to preserve Mg
How is type II intestina failure different to type I?
It is also short term
It is more prolonged, and often has metabolic consequences and may also be associated with sepsis
Usually it is a consequence of abdominal surgery that had complications
What type of feeding is required fr type II intestinal failure?
Parenteral as well as some enteral feeding
What is type III intestinal failure?
This is a long term but stable condition
What is often a requirement, and also the treatment of choice for patients with type III IF?
Home parenteral nutrition
Conditions classed as type III IF inlcude what?
- Crohn’s
- Short gut syndrome
- Neoplasia
- Dysmotility
Which two procedures can allow for bowel lenthening?
- Biachi procedure
- Serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP)
What is parenteral nutrition?
Nutrition being administered via venous access
What are some potential complications of parenteral nutrition?
- Pneumothorax
- Arterial puncture
- Misplacement into arteries
- Infection (leading to endocarditis)
- Sepsis
- Liver disease
- Nutrient toxicity or insufficiency
