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Y2C1 mümtaz > Intestinal and Urogenital protozoa > Flashcards

Intestinal and Urogenital protozoa Flashcards

Y2C1 1 question will be asked

1
Q

amoebas

only markable amoeba?

A

entamoeba histolytica

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2
Q

Amoebas

locomotion:use_______
Reproduction:_____fission
2 forms____&______

A

pseudopodia
random binary fission
trophozite&cyst form

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3
Q

amoebas:trophozite form

____stage or organism

A

vegetative

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4
Q

amoebas:cyst form

non______&______stage
infective for ?

A

non motile&feeding
humans

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5
Q

Intestinal amoebae

pathogenic amoebae________
direct life cycles human is______host
transmission via cyst in______

A

entamoeba histolytica
human is definitive host
cyst in feceally contaminated foor or water

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6
Q

clinical features of amoebic&bacillary dysentery

symptoms
* mild infection:
* moderate:
* acute:bloody_____or_____,cramping,low-grade____
* primary lesions are_____on wall of colon

A

asymptomatic
diarrhoea
bloody diarrhoea or dysentery,low-grade fever
ulcers on wall of colon

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7
Q

clinical features of amoeba in Intestine

amoebic ulcers
found in_____and_____rectal region

discrete, flask shaped(with ragged undermined margin)

A

caecum and sigmoido-rectal region

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8
Q

amoeba:extraintestinal complications

trophozoiets penetrate_______wall
may be carried in_____to other sites
amoebic______&____abscess are most common
abcesses in other organs such as lung, brain, spleen & genitourinary tract may result from______spread pr by direct spread from____lesion

A

intestinal wall
carried in blood
amoebic hepatitis&liver abscess
hematogenous spread
hepatic lesion

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9
Q

amoebic intestinal infection:treatment

_____or_____along with_____,____furoate or_____

A

metronidazole or tinidazole along with parmomycin, diloxanide furoate or chloroquine

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10
Q

entamoeba histolytica:diagnosis

microscopy
* motile______
* ingested_____cytes within______cytoplasm
* should be confirmed with____detection(ELISA)
*Molecular technique(PCR)
* serologic tests used in
* severe cases of amebic_______or extraintestinal______

A

trophozoites
erythrocytes within trophozoite cytoplasm
antigen
amebic dysentery
amebiasis

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11
Q

Giardia lamblia

causes_____
world-wide, more prevelent in____climates
human strains van affect other animals_____&_____
cysts can live as long as 3______in fresh water
can resist_____at usual water purification levels
lives in_____&upper______
only protozoan parasite found in lumen of human_____intestine

last one can be important imo

A

giardiasis
warm climates
can affect beavers and dogs
3 months in fresh water
resist chlorine
duodenum&upper jejunum
only protozoan parazite found in human small intestine

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12
Q

giardia lamblia

____transmission
person to person transmissions in______sexuals
may be________
severe acute_____
can become chronic(especially people with secretory immunoglobin__ definciencies)

A

fecal-oral
homosexuals
asymptomic
diarrhea
Immunoglobin A

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13
Q

giardia lamblia:clinical features

acute____
develops after an____period of 5 to 6 days
usually lasts 1 to 3____
symptoms
diarrhea;stool with excess____
abdominal pain;______,____and_____

A

giardiasis
weeks
excess mucous
bloatind,nausea and vomiting

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14
Q

giardia lamblia:chroniic giardiasis

symptoms are reccurent
_____&______may occur as result of extensive and prolonged infection
not invade, nor produce____diarrhoea or____infection
host respond with a submucosal infiltrate of______cells with loss of___

total______area is significantly diminishes

A

malabsorption & debilitation
bloddy diarrhoea or metastatic infection
iflammatory villi

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15
Q

giardia lamblia:diagnosis

observation of___or___in fecal specimen or duodenal contents

A

cyst or trophozoites

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16
Q

trichomonas vaginalis

does not has___form
can’t survive well in____environment
common__transmitted disease
associated with epithelium of_____tract
females:_____
males:____,_____,____
symptoms more common in___

A

cyst form
external environment
sexually transmitted
urogenital tract
vagina
urethra,prostate,epididymis
more common in females

17
Q

trichomonas vaginalis:life cycle

trophozoite in___&____secreations and urine
multiplies by___fission
trophozoite in___or____

its only known host is human primarily transmitted by sexual intercourse

A

vaginal & prostatic secreations
londiudinal binary
vagina or urethra

18
Q

trichomonas vaginalis:symptoms

less common than___
vaginal erythema, strawberry cervix
males
50-90% are________
mild____or____
minor____discharge

50-75% abnormal discharge in females

A

males
asymptomatic
dysuria or pruritus
urethral discharge

19
Q

balantidium coli:balantidiadis

only_____protozoan parasite of humans
largest____parasite of humans
transmission routes
______
_____
_____

A

ciliate protozoan
largest protozoan
faecal-oral
person to person
contaminated food & water(mainly)

20
Q

balantidium coli:clinical features

______but people with serious ilnesses can experience:
persistent____
_____pain
perforated____(sometimes)
can cause___with ulceration

A
21
Q

balantidium coli:symptoms

intermittent_____

A

diarrhea

22
Q

balantidium coli:diagnosis

demonstration of____&___in feces
examination of biopsy specimens & scrapings from_____

A

trophozoites & cyst in feces
intestinal ulcers

23
Q

Balaintidium coli

ID via presence of_____fecal specimen

A

cyst or trophozoite

24
Q

cystoisospora belli

world-wide especially in____&____areas

A

tropical & subtropical

25
Q

cystoisospora belli:symptoms

transient watery____in immunodepressed individuals
accompanied w/____and weight loss

A

diarrhae
malabsoprtion

26
Q

Cryptosporodium parvum

Infect_____&____
infective form of parasite:____
most prevalent species

A

Human&animal
oocyst

27
Q

Cryptosporodium parvum

protected by outer shell that allows;
survival____
and makes very tolerant to_____disinfection

A

outside
chlorine

28
Q

Cryptosoporodium parvum:clinical features

asymptomic infections to severe life-threatening
_____most frequent symptom
de_______,____loss,abdominal____,____,_____and_____

A

watery disease
dehydration,weight loss,abdominal pain,fever,nausea and vomiting

29
Q

Cryptosporodium parvum

In immunocompetent persons symptoms are usually___lived

A

short

30
Q

Cryptosporodium parvum

Chronic and severe in____compromised patients

A

immunocompromised

31
Q

Cyclospora cayetanensis

aka Cyclo____
wordwide w/ higher prevalence in____&____countries
prolonged self-limited&relapsing___
no____reservoirs identified

A

Cyclosporiasis
tropical & subtropical
diarrhea
animal

32
Q

Cyclospora cayetanensis:symptoms

what are the 6 symptoms of this disease

A

loss of apetite
cramps
low-grade fever
nausea
vomiting
fatigue

33
Q

Cyclospora cayentanensis

freshly passed in____
oocyst is not____
direct______tranmission cannot occur this differentiates cyclospora from______sporidium
sporulation occurs in_____environment
sporulated oocysts can contaminate fresh produce and____

A

stools
infective
fecal-oral
cryptosporidium
external
water

34
Q

Microsporidia

group of___cellular intracellullar parasites closely related to____
_____pathogens

A

fungi
oppunistic

35
Q

microsporidia:primitive specs

obligate_______protozoa
lack_______
possess small ribosomal____

A

intracellular
mitochondria
RNA

36
Q

microsporidia:diagnosis

microscopic examination of____or____biopsy
spores are demonstrated by_____

A

stool or intestinal
microscopy

37
Q

trichomonas vaginalis

most common pathogenic protozoan of___
_____countries
do not has___form
does not survival well in_____environment
associated w/ epithelium of_____tract
females:____,___,__
males:____,___,___
symptoms are more common in___

A

humans
industrialized countries
cyst form
external environment
uro-genital tract
vagina
urethra,prostate,epididymis
more common in females

38
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis:tranmission

transmitted among___via sexual intercourse
only known host___
____stage transmitted during sexual intercourse

non-sexual contact possible

A

humans
only known host human
trophozoite

Y2C1 mümtaz (6 decks)

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