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Y2C1 mümtaz > blood & tissue protozoa > Flashcards

blood & tissue protozoa Flashcards

Y2C1 1 question will be asked

1
Q

malaria caused by_____

which is a plasmodium ssp.

A

protozoan

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2
Q

Human malaria transmitted via______mosquito

this mosquito has over 60 species

A

Anopheles

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3
Q

Female anopheles mosquito is____host

A

definitive

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4
Q

_____pattern occcurs in area over a period of several years

A

endemic

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5
Q

** periodic or occasional sharp rises occur in its incidence

A

epidemic

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6
Q

life cycle of plasmodium vivax

1st step is injection of____by mosquito during blood meal

transportation and repliacton occurs on human

A

sporozoites

plasmodium vivax’s 1st form

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7
Q

life cycle of plasmodium vivax

2nd step
sporozoites infects____cells

A

liver

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8
Q

life cycle of plasmodium vivax

after sporozoites infects liver cells new formation occurs called ?

3rd step

A

schizont

1st appearence in cycle

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9
Q

life cycle of plasmodium vivax

ruptured schiozont merozoites liberated and invade ?

4th step

A

RBC

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10
Q

life cycle of plasmodium vivax

after invasion of schiozont merozoites early____forms

A

trophozoite

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11
Q

maturation of trophozoite & schizont formation occurs at ?

trophosite matures and forms schizonts

A

RBC

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12
Q

life cycle of plasmodium vivax

how mosquito gets infected ?

A

ingests gametocytes via blood meal

gametocytes forms spozoites after undergoing meiosis inside of mosquito

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13
Q

clinical features of malaria

no symptoms during**stage

incubation period 1-6 weeks

A

liver

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14
Q

cliniacl features of malaria

characterized by acute___attacks

also known as malarial paroxysms

A

febrile

periodic episodes of fever alternating with sypmtom-free periods

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15
Q

clinical features of malaria

symptoms of malaria ?

7 exists

A

malaise
fatigue
fever
myalgia
arthralgia
dry cough
anorexia

fever can be up to 40.6 celsius

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16
Q

malarial paroxysm

prodrome 2-3 days before
* can mistake for_____or______infection
* slight_____may worsen just prior to pasoxysm

A

influenza and gastrointestinal infection
slight fever

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17
Q

malarial paroxysm

symptoms that seen in prodrome ?

6 exists

A

malaise
fever
fatigue
muscle pains
nausea
anorexia

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18
Q

malarial paroxysm

how long paroxysm lasts in hours ?

A

8-12 hours

starts between midnignt and midday

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19
Q

malarial paroxysm

____stage characterized by rigors

starts in paroxysm stage

A

cold stage

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20
Q

malarial paroxysm

____stage max temp can reach 40-41 celsius spelnomegaly easily palpable

palpable=visible
spelnomegaly=enlarged spleen

A

hot stage

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21
Q

malarial paroxysm

sweating stage occurs at_____

A

hot stage

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22
Q

diagnosis of malaria

thick microscopic films used for ?

A

presence/absence of malaria

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23
Q

diagnosis of malaria

thin microscopic films used for ?

A

morphology/species

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24
Q

malaria microscopy

which type malaria is this

A

P. falciparum

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25
Q

malaria microscopy

which type malaria is this

26
Q

malaria microscopy

which type malaria is this

A

p. malariae

27
Q

malaria microscopy

which type malaria is this

28
Q

Malaria in pregnancy

malaria has high risks both maternal & perinatal____and____

A

morbidity & mortality

29
Q

malaria in pregnancy

severe malaria should be treated aggressively with________therapy

A

antimalarial

30
Q

babesiosis

babesiosis are______parasites

A

intraerythrocytic sporozoan

31
Q

babesiosis

morphologically resemble_____

A

plasmodium

32
Q

babesiosis

cause________like ilness in animals

A

tick borne like

33
Q

babesiosis

_______infections in humans(intermediate host)

A

opportunistic

34
Q

babesiosis

definitive host is______

A

Ixodid ticks

35
Q

babesiosis

3 impo species exists which are

A

B. microti(rodents)
B. clivergens(cattles)
B. bovis(cattles)

36
Q

life cycle of babesiosis parasites

trophozoites merozoite formation occurs in which animal(s) ?

check babesiosis life cycle pic if ur blue

37
Q

life cycle of babesiosis parasites

sexual formation of sporozoites known as sporogony occurs at which animal ?

38
Q

Babesiosis

how long is incubation period for babesiosis ?

A

1-4 weeks following tick bite
1-9 weeks after contaminated blood transfusion

39
Q

Babesiosis:clinical features

there is no______like paroxysm
babesia infection can range from_____to_______
mild____&____
______anemia
______
______

A

malaria-like
mild chills and fever
hemolytic anemia
jaundice
hepatomegaly

40
Q

babesiosis:risk factors

_____and impaired______function
advanced age

A

asplenia
impaired immune function

41
Q

babesiosis

no of parasites per RBC ?

A

1-12

1-3 for malaria

42
Q

Babesiosis:laboratory diagnosis

ID of intraerthrocytic babesia parasites by ?

A

peripheral blood smear examination under light microscope
PCR
IFA testing
total Ig

43
Q

Toxoplasmosis

etiologic agent____is
most populations are____
threat to______&_____
Infected women can pass______to fetus via bloodstream
domestic____and felines are main reservoirs

A

T. gondii
seropositive
immunosuppressed and unborn
women
cats

44
Q

toxoplasmosis:Transmission

Ingestion of______& toxoplasma____
____from fecally contaminated hands or food
_____transplantation or____transfusion
________transmission
accidental inoculation of ______

A

uncooked meat & toxoplasma cyst
oocyst
organ transplantation or blood transfusion
transplacental transmission
tachyzoites

45
Q

toxoplasmosis:symptoms

___is mostly fatal

46
Q

babesiosis:preventation and treatment

people w/ healthy immune systems no____needed
risk groups should avoid___&___contact

cogenital toxoplasmosis oral pyrimethamine w/ folinic acid

Immunocompromised patients
trimethoprim-sulfmethoxazole
dapsone-pyrimethamine

A

treatment
Cat&feces contact

47
Q

Leishmaniasis

transmitted by____flies
new world:_____
old world:____
parasites replicate within____

A

sand flies
lutzomyia
phlebotomus
macrophage

macrophage is vertebrate host’s

48
Q

leishmaniasis:

cutaneous leishmaniasis:causes lesions on____(CL)
mucocutaneous:skin lesions spred over____(MCL)
viseral leishmaniasis:infection of________system, high____(kala-azar)

A

skin
mucosa
reticuloendothelial
mortality

49
Q

leishmaniasis:life cycle

which ones are the diagnostic stages ?

50
Q

leishmaniasis:life cycle

promastigotes phagocytized by macrophages and transform into____

DİAGNOSTİC STAGE!!!

A

amastigotes

51
Q

leishmaniasis:life cycle

after amastigotes formed they multiply in cells and_____

DİAGNOSTİC STAGE!!!

A

infect other cells

52
Q

trypanosomiasis:african domain

causes_____sickness
3 species causes this
vector:___flies

A

sleeping disease
T. brucei rhodesiense
T.brucei gambiense
tse tse

53
Q

trypanosomiasis:american domain

causes___disease
vector:
parasite:

A

changa’s disease
T.cruzi
reduviids-kissing bugs

54
Q

trypanosomiasis:african domain

travel or residence in___area
irregular___and enlarged____
_____changes, mental symptoms

A

endemic
fever & lymph node
behavioral changes

55
Q

trypanosomiasis:african domain

lab diagnosis
_____tests

A

serological

56
Q

american trypanosomiasis

transmission
_____bugs
_____transmission
______route
treated with_____or______

parasite in feces of bug

A

kissing bugs
blood transmission
transplesental route
benznidazole or nifurtimox

57
Q

american trypanosomiasis:acute phase

mostly_____
active infection

A

asymptomatic

children most likely to be asymptomatic

58
Q

american trypanosomiasis:Interdeterminate phase

___years of latency
seropositive with no detectable______

A

10-30
parasitemia

59
Q

american trypanosomiasis:chronic phase

10-30% of infected exhibit______and conduction defects congestive____failure
_____phenomenon

A

cardiomyopathy arrhythmias
congestive heart failure
thromboembolic

60
Q

fill the blanks

A

T.rhodesiense T.gambiense
epidemiology:sporadic, sarafis endemic some epidemics
disease progression:rapid,, often fatal slow
paresitemia:high low
asymptomatic carriers:rare common

Y2C1 mümtaz (6 decks)

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