interventions in the real world Flashcards
Which theory suggests that incentive motivation affects behaviour?
social cognitive theory
What psychological factors can financial incentives influence? (2)
- beliefs about barriers
- beliefs about self-efficacy
What happened when people were given a financial incentive to stop smoking? (2)
- more likely to quit with incentives
- continued to make a difference even 6 months after money stopped
What happened when small fines were introduced for picking up children late from daycare? What does this suggest?
- more late pickups
- late pickups continued after fines stopped
- suggests injunctive norms changed - they must approve of late pickups if they are willing to let it happen for a small price
How might laws change descriptive norms?
people will now believe that others will likely change their behaviour to follow the new law
How might laws change injunctive norms?
people will now believe that others will approve of them changing their behaviour to follow the new law
How did the US ruling in favour of same-sex marriage influence people’s injunctive norms and their personal norms?
- injunctive norms increased
- no change in personal norms
What psychological factors can social modelling from media interventions change? (4)
- beliefs about benefits/costs
- attitudes
- personal norms
- self-efficacy
why might descriptive and injunctive norms be changed by mass media?
it is viewed by many people and people know it is viewed by many people so believe the beliefs/approvals of others may change too
How did listening to the New Dawn soap opera influence beliefs about trusting others? (2)
- more likely to say it isn’t naive to trust
- not more likely to say there is mistrust in the community
How did listening to the New Dawn soap opera influence beliefs about preventing violence? (2)
- not more likely to say they were responsible if they do nothing
- more likely to say they should dissent against wrongdoing
So how were personal and injunctive norms differently affected by New Dawn?
- personal norms about trusting others
- injunctive norms about dissenting against wrongdoing
- not the other way round
What were groups who listened to New Dawn more likely to do when deciding who was in charge of the radio?
- more likely to dissent against the initial suggestion for authority to keep it
- more likely to make cooperative comments in the discussion
What is pluralistic ignorance?
people mistakenly believe that others hold an opinion different from their own
What do you have to do when personal norms do not match behaviour prevalence?
change injunctive norms by showing people the difference
What do you have to do when personal norms do match behaviour prevalence?
change personal and injunctive norms
