Barriers and self-efficacy Flashcards
What is a barrier?
an obstacle that prevents movement or access
What did Hochbaum (1958) find in terms of barriers to TB screenings?
most voluntary screenings happened at mobile facilities (screenings for pre-existing symptoms happened more at doctors)
What did Buglar et al (2010) measure when looking at brushing and flossing behaviour in Australia? (7)
- self-reported brushing/flossing
- self-assessed knowledge of oral hygiene
- beliefs about benefits of brushing/flossing
- beliefs about susceptibility to oral disease
- beliefs about the severity of oral disease to them
- beliefs about barriers
- beliefs about self-efficacy
What did Buglar et al (2010) find when looking at brushing and flossing behaviour in Australia? (3)
- more barriers = less behaviour
- more self-efficacy = more behaviour
- nothing else had an effect
What did Buglar et al (2010) measure when looking at brushing and flossing behaviour in Greece? (7)
- self-reported brushing behaviour
- objective dental health measure from the dentist
- benefits
- susceptibility
- severity of disease
- barriers
- self-efficacy
What did Buglar et al (2010) find when looking at brushing and flossing behaviour in Greece? (3)
- more severity = more behaviour
- more self-efficacy = mor behaviour
- objective dental measure matched the self-report
What is self-efficacy?
belief in one’s capability to implement a behaviour needed to reach a goal or perform a task successfully
What are the 3 components of social cognitive theory?
- environmental determinants
- individual behaviours
- psychological determinants
What are individual behaviours in social cognitive theory?
our behaviour is acquired in part through social and observational learning
What are environmental determinants in social cognitive theory? What are the 2 categories within this?
aspects of the environment which directly impact our behaviour
- incentive motivation
- facilitation
What is incentive motivation?
providing rewards or punishments to influence behaviour
What is facilitation?
removing barriers to particular behaviours
What are psychological determinants? What are the 2 components?
aspects of our minds or psychology which directly impact our behaviour - beliefs and expectations
- self-efficacy
- outcome expectations
What are outcome expectations?
beliefs about the likelihood and value of the consequences of a behaviour
What is reciprocal determinism in terms of social cognitive theory?
environment, psychological and behavioural factors can all influence each other
What is an example of a negative feedback loop with condom use?
intervention increased use of condoms but this made people decrease their beliefs about susceptibility
What are 4 ways of changing beliefs about self-efficacy?
- mastery experience
- vicarious experience
- verbal persuasion
- affective and somatic states
What is the AIDS community demonstration project (ACDP)? (3)
- series of programs to reduce the spread of HIV (sex and drugs)
- targeted at-risk populations
- flyers about stories based on real people
What happened more in experimental sites after the AIDS community demonstration project (ACDP)? (5)
- they reported being more exposed to the intervention
- more likely to be carrying condoms
- reported more use of condoms and injection hygiene
- felt more able to use condoms
- effects increased with more exposure to the campaign
What didn’t happen more in experimental sites after the AIDS community demonstration project (ACDP)?
they didn’t feel significantly more able to use proper injections
