Interpersonal Relations Flashcards
1
Q
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
A
SELF-ACTUALISATION ESTEEM LOVE/BELONGING SAFETY PHYSIOLOGICAL
2
Q
Importance of People
A
- babies orientated towards other humans/human-esque objects than non-social stimuli
- people form bonds easily w/o circumstance need
- need to belong as essential for psychological well-being as thirst/hunger for physicality
3
Q
Social Connections for Healthy
A
- supporting individuals to create/maintain social connections should be important public health focus
- public health investment/interventions focus more on physicality/medical treatment than on social network quality
- social group ties (ie. community/peers) especially important to protect in certain instances (ie. cognitive decline/TBI)
4
Q
Need to Belong
A
- humans motivated by fundamental need to belong
- normal psychological functioning maintenance = frequent/positive interactions w/same individuals in framework of long-term/stable/caring concern
- non-satisfaction in an aspect has negative implications of relationships w/o interactions or vice versa
- if social bonds are physically/psychologically rewarding, their dissolution should be painful regardless of meaningfulness; distress can be experienced via rejection from disliked group!
5
Q
Social Exclusion
A
- neural centres for physical/social pain have co-evolved
- inclusion is basic to social animal survival; organisms that are better socially integrated more likely to survive adulthood/reproduce/successfully raise offspring
- developing mechanism to detect social inclusion threats is evolutionarily advantageous
6
Q
Finding a Connection
A
- evolutionary psychologists argue that mate choice motivation = “reproductive fitness” (ie. viable offspring opportunity) meaning that attractive qualities should signal fitness
- approach problematic for disregarding experiences of trans/non-binary people
7
Q
Fitness Signals
A
MEN: - easy reproduction - concern of if offspring it theirs - look for fertility indicators - quantity over quality WOMEN: - costly reproduction - concern of if offspring survives/is provided for - look for indicators of male provision - quality over quantity
8
Q
Explaining Gender Differences
A
- men avoid long-term relationships more than women, who in contrast are more anxious about romantic relationships
9
Q
Similarities
A
- ARISTOTLE; similarity on friendship basis
- GALTON; married couples often resemble each other somehow
- NEWCOMB (1956); similar attitudes predict liking among transfer students
10
Q
Do Opposites Attract?
A
- not really lmao
BYRNE (1971): - attitudes/values/characteristics/intellect/income
- similarity = attraction
KWAN (1998): - importance of similarities holds across topics/gender/age/cultures
11
Q
Repulsion Hypothesis
A
- similarity doesn’t attract, but dissimilarity repulses
- dissimilarity shown as stronger w/attraction than same info on similarity
12
Q
Summary
A
- interpersonal relations are essential to our well-being
- relations are formed on most minimal information
- brains are hardwired to connect
- social exclusion is psychologically/physically harmful
- we don’t know what we want from romantic partners but we keep trying
