Interpersonal Processes Flashcards
Explain altruism
Altruism refers to behaviours that help other people with no apparent gain or with potential cost to oneself
Explain bystander intervention
Bystander intervention have found that individuals often do not help in a crisis in the presence of other people. Diffusion of responsibility, a diminished sense of personal responsibility to act is one important reason people do not intervene
Explain aggression
Verbal or physical behaviour and harming another person or living being
Explain hostile aggression and instrumental aggression
Aggression is often elicited by anger as when someone lashes out at a perceived injustice and it is referred to as hostile aggression. Instrumental aggression is often used by institutions such as the judicial system to punish wrongdoers.
Explain rates of violence
Rates of violence very cross culturally, but across cultures, males tend to be more aggressive than females. Researchers are increasingly recognising the prevalence of male violence perpetrated against women
Where in the brain is the neural control of aggression
The neural control of aggression is hierarchily organised with the amygdala, hypothalamus and cortex (particularly the frontal lobes) playing prominent roles. Aggression is also partially controlled by hormones, particularly testosterone and serotonin
Explain the general aggression model
The general aggression model was created to get meaning to the myriad of theories that currently exist to explain aggression. General aggression model states that person variables interact with situational inputs to determine aggressive output. The capacity for aggression appears to be innate but the activation and innovation of aggression depends on culture and learning
Explain social influence
Social influence refers to the effects of the presence of others on the way people think feel and behave
Explain obedience
Obedience refers to compliance with authority
Explain Conformity
Conformity means changing attitudes or behaviour to accommodate the standards of peers or groups
Explain group decision-making and group polarisation
Important decisions are usually made by groups rather than individuals. Group polarisation refers to decisions that are either one extreme or the other. Overly Conservative or overly risky. Diffusion of responsibility.
Explain social loafing
A reduction in individual effort when working on a collective task compared with working alone
List the six principles underlying compliance
Liking, authority, reciprocation, commitment and consistency, social proof, and scarcity
Explain deindividuation
When other people are around that are essentially aggressive and impulsive, people inhibit aggression to conform.
Explain the door in the face technique
Asking for a large request that we know will be turned down and I’m backing down from that request to induce similar behaviour in another
