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BDS4 EXAM STUDY > International Association of Dental Traumatology: Dental Trauma Guide > Flashcards

International Association of Dental Traumatology: Dental Trauma Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different luxation injuries that can occur?

A
  • concussion
  • subluxation
  • extrusion
  • lateral luxation
  • intrusion
  • avulsion
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2
Q

What hard-tissue fracture injuries can occur ?

A
  • enamel infraction
  • enamel fracture
  • uncomplicated crown fracture
  • complicated crown fracture
  • uncomplicated crown-root fracture
  • complicated crown-root fracture
  • root fracture
  • alveolar fracture
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3
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced enamel fracture?

A

no follow up

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4
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced enamel-dentine fracture?

A

8 week review

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5
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced crown fracture?

A
  • 1 week
  • 8 weeks
  • 1 year [radiograph if endo treatment carried out]
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6
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced crown/root fracture?

A
  • 1 week
  • 8 weeks
  • 1 year [radiograph if endo carried out]
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7
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced root fracture?

A
  • 1 week
  • 4 weeks [splint removal]
  • 8 weeks
  • 1 year
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8
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced alveolar fracture?

A
  • 1 week
  • 4 weeks [splint removal & take radiograph]
  • 8 weeks
  • 1 year [radiographs]
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9
Q

What outcomes should you consider when a patient comes for clinical reviews after hard-tissue trauma?

A
  • periodontal healing
  • pulp healing
  • pain
  • discolouration
  • tooth loss
  • quality of life
  • aesthetics
  • trauma related dental anxiety
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10
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced concussion?

A
  • 1 week
  • 8 weeks
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11
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced subluxation?

A
  • 1 week
  • 8 weeks
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12
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced extrusion?

A
  • 1 week
  • 8 weeks
  • 1 year
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13
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced lateral luxation?

A
  • 1 week
  • 4 weeks [splint removal]
  • 8 weeks
  • 6 months
  • 1 year
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14
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced intrusion?

A
  • 1 week
  • 8 weeks
  • 6 months
  • 1 year
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15
Q

When should you follow up with a primary patient who has experienced avulsion?

A
  • 1 week
  • 8 weeks
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16
Q

How long should a tooth that has experienced subluxation be splinted? [not always splinted]

A

2 weeks

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17
Q

How long should a tooth that has experienced extrusion be splinted?

A

2 weeks

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18
Q

How long should a tooth that has experienced lateral luxation be splinted?

A

4 weeks

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19
Q

How long should a tooth that has experienced intrusion be splinted?

20
Q

How long should a tooth that has experienced avulsion be splinted?

21
Q

How long should a tooth that has experienced root fracture [apical/mid third] be splinted?

22
Q

How long should a tooth that has experienced root fracture [cervical third] be splinted?

23
Q

How long should a tooth that has experienced alveolar fracture be splinted?

24
Q

What is enamel infraction?

A

an incomplete fracture (crack or crazing) of the enamel, without loss of tooth structure

25
Q

What are the clinical findings of an enamel-dentine fracture?

A
  • normal mobility
  • positive pulp sensibility test
  • not TTP
26
Q

How should an enamel-dentine fracture be treated?

A
  • re-bond tooth fragment if pt has it [rehydrate in water or saline for 20 mins]
  • cover exposed dentine with GIC or composite resin
  • if exposed dentine is within 0.5mm of pulp place a COH lining & cover with GIC/comp
27
Q

What are the clinical findings of an enamel-dentine-pulp fracture?

A
  • normal mobility
  • not TTP
  • exposed pulp is sensitive to stimuli
  • check for luxation or root fracture
28
Q

How should an enamel-dentine-pulp fracture be treated?

A

Immature roots & open apices:
- partial pulpotomy or pulp capping with calcium hydroxide
- re-bond tooth fragment or restore with GIC/composite

29
Q

What are the clinical findings of a crown-root fracture?

A
  • pulp sensibility tests usually positive
  • TTP
  • coronal fragment is usually present and mobility
30
Q

What radiographs should be taken for a crown-root fracture?

A
  • one periapical radiograph
  • occlusal radiograph
31
Q

What are the clinical findings of a concussion injury to a tooth?

A
  • normal mobility
  • tooth is TTP & touch
  • normally responds to pulp sensibility testing
32
Q

How is concussion of a tooth treated?

A

no treatment is needed [monitor pulp for a year]

33
Q

What are the clinical findings of a subluxation injury to a tooth?

A
  • increased mobility but not displaced
  • bleeding from gingival crevice
  • tender to touch or tapping
  • tooth may not initially respond to pulp testing
34
Q

How is a subluxation injury treated?

A
  • normally no treatment needed
  • if there is excessive mobility or tenderness, use passive & flexible splint for 2 weeks
  • monitor pulp for 1 year
35
Q

What are the clinical findings of an extrusion injury?

A
  • tooth appears elongated
  • increased mobility
  • no response to pulp sensibility tests
36
Q

What are the radiographic findings of an extrusion injury?

A
  • increased PDL apically & laterally
37
Q

How should an extrusion injury be treated?

A
  • reposition tooth by pushing it back into tooth socket under LA
  • passive & flexible splint 2 weeks
  • monitor pulp
  • RCT if pulp becomes necrotic
38
Q

What is lateral luxation?

A

Displacement of tooth in lateral direction, usually associated with a fracture or compression of the alveolar socket wall

39
Q

What are the clinical findings of a lateral luxation injury?

A
  • tooth displaced in a palatal/lingual or labial direction
  • usually associated fracture of the alveolar bone
  • tooth is frequently immobile
  • high metallic (ankylotic) sound
  • no response to pulp sensibility tests
40
Q

What are the radiographic findings of an lateral luxation injury?

A

widened PDL space

41
Q

How should a lateral luxation injury be treated?

A
  • reposition tooth
  • stabilise for 4 weeks with passive & flexible splint
  • monitor pulp
  • decide if tooth needs RCT or not [based on stage of root development]
42
Q

What is an intrusive luxation injury?

A

Displacement of the tooth in an apical direction into the alveolar bone

43
Q

What are the clinical findings of an intrusion injury?

A
  • tooth displaced axially into alveolar bone
  • tooth is immobile
  • high metallic (ankylotic) sound
  • no response to pulp sensibility tests
44
Q

What are the radiographic findings of an intrusion injury?

A
  • PDL space may not be visible for some of the root
  • cemento-enamel junction is located more apically
45
Q

How is an intrusion injury [to a tooth with incomplete root formation] treated?

A
  • allow re-eruption without intervention
  • if no re-eruption within 4 weeks, initiate orthodontic repositioning
  • monitor pulp condition
  • decide if RCT is needed

BDS4 EXAM STUDY (39 decks)

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