Internal Surfaces

Question 0

Describe serous membranes

Answer 0

Two part membranes, envelop viscera, line peritoneum, pleural sacs and pericaridal sac. They secrete fluid which decreases the friction between organs. Thin layer of connective tissues

Question 1

Describe mucous membranes

Answer 1

They consist of: epithelium lining the lumen of a tube, adjacent layer of connective tissue. In the alimentary tract this is called muscularis mucosa

Question 2

Describe the linings of the alimentary tract

Answer 2

Gut has four layers. Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa

Question 3

Describe the lining of the oesophagus

Answer 3

Epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae (stratified squamous non-keratinised) and submucosa

Question 4

Describe lining of stomach

Answer 4

Gastric mucosa, muscularis mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, rugae.

Question 5

Describe the lining of the jejunum

Answer 5

Jejunal mucosa, muscularis mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa (two layers - inner is circular, outer is longitudinal), pliae circulare

Question 6

Describe the lining of the urinary tract

Answer 6

Muscularis externa, fibroelastic lamina propria, circular muscularis externa

Question 7

Describe the lining of the colon

Answer 7

Crypts of Lieberkuhn, muscularis mucosa (indistinct) - simple columnar epithelium secretes mucus

Question 8

What is submucosa?

Answer 8

Subtending layer of connective tissue containing mucus secreting glands

Question 9

Describe the lining of the respiratory tract

Answer 9

Adventitia, hyaline cartilage, submucosa, epithelium (pseudostratified epithelium)

Question 10

What is muscularis mucosa?

Answer 10

Thin layer of smooth muscle cells

Question 11

What is lamina propria?

Answer 11

Loose connective tissue bearing blood and lymph vessels

Question 13

What is adventitia?

Answer 13

Thin outermost layer of connective tissue

Question 14

Describe the lining of a bronchiole

Answer 14

Simple columnar ciliated/cuboidal epithelium (not ciliated in smaller bronchioles), smooth muscle, alveoli

Question 15

Describe an alveoli

Answer 15

Squamous cells - permit gas exchange (90%), cuboidal cells - produce surfactant (10%), surrounded by a basket work of capillaries and elastic fibres

Question 16

Describe the lining of the bladder wall

Answer 16

Transitional epithelium, smooth muscle, muscularis externa

Question 17

Describe the lining of the urethra

Answer 17

Transitional epithelium - stratified columnar, lamina propria, muscularis externa, adventitia