Intermediate filaments Flashcards

1
Q

What makes Intermediate filaments stable?

A

Helic structure

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2
Q

What is unique to IF

A

They self assemble and require no nucleation

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3
Q

T/F IF are much more resistant to strain than actin or microtubules

A

True

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4
Q

What is a structural keratin

A

Hard apendage (Hair, nail)

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5
Q

how is the nuclear lamin disassembly triggered during mitosis

A

Phosphorylation by a mitotic kinase

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6
Q

What structural property of an IF allows for assembly to occur by joining two IF proteins to form a dimer kinked through coiled coil?

A

Alpha helical rod domains give it tensile strength w/o breaking

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7
Q

What two genes are important to IF

A

Keratin genes and gene Super families.

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8
Q

What species group is keratin only found in

A

Animals

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9
Q

Where are keratins found in the stratified epithelium?

A

the suprabasal layers

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10
Q

What two groups are Keratins in IF.

A

Type I and Type II

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11
Q

Which is the most diverse? IF, Actin filaments or microtubules

A

Intermediate filaments.

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12
Q

Where are Type I IF found

A

Skin, bones, tendon, teeth

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13
Q

Where are Type II IF found?

A

Cartilage and Intravertabrate disks.

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14
Q

Where are type III IF found?

A

Organs, smooth muscle, muscle

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15
Q

Where are type IV IF found?

A

Basal lamina of epithelium

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16
Q

Where is desmin found

17
Q

Where is vimentin found?

A

Connective tissue

18
Q

How do Keratins form attachments to cell membranes

A

By binding to hemidesmosomes and Desmosomes

19
Q

What is unique about Type V IF

A

They are Lamins found in nucleus and have NLS tails

20
Q

How many types of Keratins are there in humans?

21
Q

Are Keratins co expressed or independent?

A

Co-expressed

22
Q

What are properties of Lamins

A

They are Parallel dimers

23
Q

Where are Type I and II IF mutually found

A

Epithelial cells

24
Q

What is the most Common IF

25
What are the 3 types of Keratin
Simple Structural Barries
26
what are Simple keratins?
Proliferate. (blood vessles and intestines
27
what are barrier keratin
Stratified epithelium (skin, glands, esophagus)
28
What are structural Keratin
Hard appendages.
29
How are Keratin structured in epithelial cells
in Sheet like organization
30
Why are antibodies to specific IF important for monitoring cell differentiation in pathology
Keratins can signal a spreading tumor if found in the wrong place.
31
What is the key difference in simple and barrier keratins
Simple keratins only form one layer
32
What causes Epidermolysis bullosa simplex
Mutations of K5 and K14 leads to cell fragility and when ruptured, fluid accumulation
33
What catagory does desmin fall in
Type III
34
Do IF require ATP for growth like other filaments?
No
35
What type of IF is found in specialized structures like hair and nails?
Keratin