Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1 STEP Uworld immunology > INTERLEUKINS TABLE UW > Flashcards

INTERLEUKINS TABLE UW Flashcards

1
Q

what cytokines are acute? 3

A

IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alfa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what cytokines are late?2

A

IL-8, IL-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Source of IL-1?

A

Macrophages (/monocytes)

Other cells: endothelial cells, dendritic cells, B cells, fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Source of IL-2?

A

all activated T cells (mainly CD4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Source of IL-3?

A

all activated T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Source of IL-4?

A

Th2 cells (+mast cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Source of IL-5?

A

Th2 cells (+mast cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Source of IL-6?

A

Macrophages (/monocytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Source of IL-7?

A

Adventitial reticular cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Source of IL-8?

A

Macrophages
T cells

Other cells: endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Source of IL-10?

A

Th2 (main)
Treg cells

Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Source of IL-12?

A

Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Most important anti-inflammatory interleukin?

A

IL-10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Most important proinflammatory interleukins?

A

IL-1 and 6 (and TNF-α)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Functions of most important proinflammatory interleukins/

A

endogenous pyrogens (fever) and main mediators of sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

IL-1 and 6 (and TNF-α). Three functions?

A

fever, inflammation and shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Osteoclast-activating factor?

A

IL-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Dysregulation of IL-1 leads to ….

A

Dysregulation of IL‑1 in cartilage leads to damage and osteoarthritis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Induces expression of adhesion molecules in the endothelium? ICAM

A

IL-1, TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mediates septic shock by activating the endothelium, which causes vascular leakage and recruitment of white blood cells?

A

TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Causes cachexia?

A

TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Causes vascular leak?

A

TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Main in mediation of septic shock? from FA/AMBOSS

A

TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cytotoxic and inhibits carcinogenesis of certain tumors?

A

TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Maintenance of granulomas (critical defense against mycobacterial infections)?

A

TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Functions on TNF-alpha?

A

Pyrogenic, cytotoxic + inhibits carcinogenesis (for tumor cells), cachexia, maintenance of granulomas in TB, septic shock + recruitment of WBCs, inflammation, endothelial activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Cachectin in other name?

A

tumor necrosis factor; formerly tumor necrosis factor-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

IL-8 function?

A

activation of neutrophils + major chemostatic factor for neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

IL-12 functions?2

A

Induces differentiation of naive T cells to Th1 cells.

Activates/increase activity of NK cells (and T CD8 according to UW)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Main IL for naive T cells –> Th1 cells?

A

IL-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What cytokines secreted by macrophages?

A

IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What interleukins is important for ,,cell mediated response”?

A

IL-12

It lets differentiation of naive T cells –> Th1 cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What 2 recruit WBC?

A

IL-1 and TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

How a fever is induced?

A

IL acts on hjypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Hepatic synthesis of acute phase reactants (early inflammatory reaction and positive reinforcement)?

A

IL-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Differentiation of B cells and cytotoxic T cells?

A

IL-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Inhibits hematopoiesis?

A

IL-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is IL-1 action on vessels?

A

vasodilation –> edema

IL-1 is one for septic shock. Others are IL-6 and TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

IL-1 functions?

A

Fever, inflammation, vasodilation (on of IL for sepsis), activation of endothelium, activates osteoclasts, acute phase reactants, promotes differentiation of Th17 cells involved in autoimmunity,
Hematopoietic growth factor
Stimulates proliferation of granulocytes in the bone marrow and lymphocytes in the spleen, Inhibits hematopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Acute phase reactans?

A

IL-1 and IL-6

41
Q

Hematopoietic growth factor

Stimulates proliferation of granulocytes in the bone marrow and lymphocytes in the spleen? 3

A

IL-1, IL-3, IL-6

42
Q

Inhibits hematopoiesis?

A

IL-1, IL-6

43
Q

Increase hematopoiesis?

A

IL-3

44
Q

What IL activates macrophages?

A

IL-2 (nu ir aisku dar INF-gamma)

45
Q

What IL stimulates stimulates proliferation and differentiation of T cells?

A

IL-2

Treg, Tcytotoxic, T helper

46
Q

What 2 IL activates NK?

A

IL-2 and IL-12

47
Q

IL-2 functions?

A

Stimulates proliferation and differentiation of T cells: Regulatory T cells, Helper T cells, Cytotoxic T cells, Natural killer (NK) cells

Activates macrophages

48
Q

Which IL functions as GM-CSF?

A

IL-3

49
Q

Which IL supports growth and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells?

A

IL-3

50
Q

IL-4 on T cells?

A

Promotes differentiation of helper T cells into Th2 cells

incr. Th2 differentiation

51
Q

IL-4 on B cells?

A

Promotes growth of B cells

52
Q

IL-4 on class switching?

A

Promotes class switching to IgE and IgG

53
Q

Promotes differentiation of helper T cells into Th2 cells

(incr. Th2 differentiation)?

A

IL-4

54
Q

Promotes class switching to IgE and IgG?

A

IL-4

55
Q

Induces proliferation of mast cells and basophils?

A

IL-4

56
Q

IL-5 effect on class switching?

A

Promotes class switching to IgA

57
Q

IL-4 effect on basophils and mast cells?

A

Induces proliferation

58
Q

Stimulates growth and differentiation of eosinophils and B cells?

A

IL-5

59
Q

Promotes class switching to IgA?

A

IL-5

60
Q

GROWTH and DIFFERENTIATION of what cells is induced by IL-5?

A

eosinophils and B cells

61
Q

IL-10 main function?

A

attenuates inflammatory response (anti-inflammatory)

62
Q

Upregulates different tiers of lymphocytes:

a) Differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into progenitor B and T cells
b) Maturation of natural killer (NK) cells and lymphocytes

A

IL-7

63
Q

IL-10 inhibits what actiaved cells?

A

macrophages and dendritic
+ dec. MHC II and Th1 cytokines + decr. Th1 differentiation

(UW: dec. cell mediated immunity and APC activity)

64
Q

decr. MHC II?

A

IL-10

65
Q

dec. cell mediated immunity and APC activity?

A

IL-10

66
Q

IL-10 is secreted by Th2. What other cell secretes it?

A

T reg

67
Q

IL-10 and …… attenuates inflammation?

A

IL-10 and TGF-beta

68
Q

Promoters of differentiation of T cells to Th2?

A

IL-2 and IL-4

69
Q

Class switching interleukins?

A

IL-4 and IL-5

70
Q

Hot T-bone stEAK represents the effects of IL-1 through IL-6?

A

IL-1: promotes (hot) fever

  • IL-2: stimulates proliferation/differentiation of T cells
  • IL-3: stimulates proliferation of granulocytes and stem cells in the bone marrow
  • IL-4: stimulates class switching to IgE
  • IL-5: stimulates class switching to IgA
  • IL-6: stimulates the synthesis of aKute phase reactants
71
Q

What apart IL-1 and IL-6 stimulates synthesis of acute phase proteins?

A

IL-11 - Stimulates hepatic synthesis of acute phase proteins

72
Q

Type I interferons?

A

alpha and beta

73
Q

Type II interferons?

A

gamma

74
Q

Source of IFN-alpha and Beta?

A

Virus‑infected cells and malignant cells;

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells produce particularly high amount of type I interferons;

75
Q

Source of IFN-beta but not alpha?

A

Fibroblasts (interferon-β)

76
Q

once IFN binds its receptors on the cells, what happens?

A

This results in transcription of antiviral enzymes capable of halting protein synthesis, such as RNase L (endonuclease that degrades all RNA in the cell) and protein kinase R (inactivates eIF-2, inhibiting translation initiation).

77
Q

Antiviral enzymes become active only in the presence……

A

double stranded RNR

78
Q

where forms double-stranded RNA?

A

forms in infected cells as a result of viral replication

79
Q

What type of structure if IFN?

A

glycoproteins

80
Q

IFN effect on MHC?

A

Promotes the expression of MHC class I molecules, so that virus‑infected cells are rapidly recognized → activation of NK cells and cytotoxic T cells

81
Q

IFN alpha and beta effect on platelets?

A

Inhibits megakaryocyte stem cell differentiation and proliferation.

82
Q

Promotes the expression of MHC class I molecules, so that virus‑infected cells are rapidly recognized → activation of NK cells and cytotoxic T cells?

A

IFN alpha and beta

83
Q

Source of IFN-gamma?

A

Th1 and NK cells (when stimulated by IL-12 from macrophages or antigen contact)

84
Q

Main 2 functions of IFN gamma?

A

Activation of macrophages (and NK);

upregulation of MHC II

85
Q

Suppresses a Th2 response (negative feedback)?

A

IFN gamma

86
Q

Synergistic effect with tumor necrosis factor in stimulating macrophages to form granulomas (critical against mycobacterial infections)?

A

IFN-gamma

87
Q

What cytokine has synergistic effect in formation of granulomas?

A

IFN-gamma

88
Q

IFN-gamma effect on Th1?

A

Induces Th1

89
Q

Th1 lymphocytes secrete IFN-γ, which activates macrophages and is essential for the …………………

A

FORMATION of granulomas.

90
Q

Activated macrophages secrete TNF-α, which is essential for the ………….

A

MAINTENANCE of granulomas.

91
Q

Lymphotoxin-alpha was also known? Source?

A

formerly tumor necrosis factor-beta;

Activated lymphocytes

92
Q

Cachectin was also know? Source?

A

tumor necrosis factor; formerly tumor necrosis factor-alpha;

Activated macrophages

93
Q

Lymphotoxin-alpha function?

A

Cytotoxic → inhibits carcinogenesis

Promotes colony stimulating factor synthesis → fibroblast proliferation → stimulates wound healing

94
Q

Cytotoxic → inhibits carcinogenesis

Promotes colony stimulating factor synthesis → fibroblast proliferation → stimulates wound healing?

A

Lymphotoxin-alpha

95
Q

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Effect of inflammation?

A

Inhibits pro-inflammatory enzymes (e.g., macrophageal proteases)
same as IL-10

96
Q

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). On tissues?

A

Induces repair and remodelling of different tissues, including bone

97
Q

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Class swithcing?

A

Stimulates antibody class switching to IgA

98
Q

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Takes part in growth and differentiation of embryonic tissue cells and stem cells in the postnatal period

A

.

99
Q

FA. What induces NK cells? 5

A

IL-2, IL-12, IFN alpha and IFN beta, INF gamma

1 STEP Uworld immunology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions